**Chapter 2**

*Proteoforms - Concept and Applications in Medical Sciences*

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recognition for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in cancer. The EPMA Journal. 2017;**8**(1):51-60. DOI: 10.1007/s13167-017-0083-9

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[14] Zhan X, Giorgianni F,

200400987

Desiderio DM. Proteomics analysis of growth hormone isoforms in the human

pituitary. Proteomics. 2005;**5**(5): 1228-1241. DOI: 10.1002/pmic.

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[16] McCool EN, Lodge JM, Basharat AR, Liu X, Coon JJ, Sun L. Capillary zone

Arauz-Garofalo G, et al. Characterization of human sperm protamine proteoforms through a combination of top-down and bottom-up mass spectrometry approaches. Journal of Proteome Research. 2020;**19**(1):221-237. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00499

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electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry with activated ion electron transfer dissociation for largescale top-down proteomics. Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry. 2019;**30**(12):2470-2479. DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02206-6

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**6**
