**5.3 Cancer disease**

The identification of novel biomarkers for early clinical-stage cancer detection, targeted molecular therapies, disease monitoring and drug development could impact on the future care of cancer patients. A systematic study of cancer samples using omics technologies, oncoproteomics, is in progress. He et al. summarize the advantages and limitations of the critical technologies used in (onco)proteogenomics [90]. In other studies, Zhan et al. [91]compared MALDI-MS, LC-Q-TOF MS and LC-Orbitrap Velos MS for the identification of proteins within one spot. They described the importance of the development of stable isotope labeling coupled with 2DE-LC/MS in a large-scale study of human proteoforms. This powerful technique platform identified in Blue-stained 2DE spots at least 42 and 63 proteins/ spot in an analysis of a human glioblastoma proteome and a human pituitary adenoma proteome, respectively. A critical study to detect new proteomic markers of medullary thyroid carcinoma, combining MALDI-MSI and nLC-ESI-MS/MS were developed by [92]. They identified proteins as moesin, veriscan and lumican and intratumoural amyloid components, including calcitonin, apolipoprotein E, apolipoprotein IV and vitronectin with a potential role in medullary thyroid carcinoma pathogenesis [92].
