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## Meet the editors

João Bosco Sales Nogueira received his MD, MsC, and PhD candidate from the Universidade Federal do Ceara, Brazil. He is a coordinator of the Knee Surgery Internship of Santa Casa de Fortaleza/Centro do Joelho, a member of the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery, and Orthopedic Sports Medicine (ISAKOS), a member of the Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia do Joelho (SBCJ), and a member of the Sociedade Brasileira de

Ortopedia e Traumatologia (SBOT).

José Alberto Dias Leite graduated in Medicine from the Rio de Janeiro School of Medicine and Surgery. He has a master's degree and doctorate in Medicine from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and a degree in Teaching from the State University of Rio de Janeiro. He is currently a full professor at the Department of Surgery at the Federal University of Ceará, Head of the Orthopedics and Traumatology Service at the Walter Cantídio University

Hospital at the Federal University of Ceará, Vice-Coordinator of the Postgraduate Program in Medical and Surgical Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, and Professor of Orthopedics at UNICHRISTUS. He has experience in medicine, focusing on orthopedic surgery, especially osteoarticular stress.

Dr. Leonardo Heráclio Do Carmo Araújo graduated from the Federal University of Ceara, Orthopedics and Knee Surgery at Campinas University (Unicamp) He did a fellowship on Knee Surgery at the Centre Hospitalier du Nord Isére, Lyon, France. He is currently a knee surgery preceptor at Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Fortaleza, a professor of Medical Practices at Ceara State University (UECE), and a member of the Brazilian Knee

Surgery Society (SBCJ), ISAKOS.

Dr. Marcelo Cortez Bezerra graduated in orthopedics and knee surgery at Santa Casa de Misericórdia of São Paulo. He obtained his master's degree in Surgery from the Federal University of Ceara. He is a medical school professor at Fortaleza University (Unifor), Chairman of Orthopedic Surgery at Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Fortaleza, and a member of the Brazilian Knee Surgery Society (SBCJ), ISAKOS.

Contents

**Section 1**

*by Wangdo Kim*

*by Tahsin Gurpinar*

**Section 3**

*by Gabriel Stan*

*and Ali Oliashirazi*

**Section 2**

Tensegrity Model of a Knee

**Preface III**

Biomechanics **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

Ligament Injuries **11**

**Chapter 2 13**

**Chapter 3 27**

Knee Replacement **41**

**Chapter 4 43**

**Chapter 5 55**

**Chapter 6 87**

*by Muhammet Salih AYAS, Muhammet Kalkışım, Ahmet Köse and Orkun Gül*

*by Guillem Navarro Escarp, Oscar Ares Rodriguez, Ignacio Moya Molinas, Pilar Camacho Carrasco, Alonso Zumbado Dijeres, Roberto Seijas Vazquez,* 

*Andrea Sallent, Manuel Llusa Pérez and Andreu Combalia Aleu*

Decision-Making for ALL Reconstruction and Surgical Techniques

Medial Epicondyle Osteotomy for Balancing Severe Varus Knee

*by Vishavpreet Singh, Galen Berdis, Akshay Goel, Alisina Shahi* 

Complications after Total Knee Arthroplasty

Stiffness after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty

Tibial Femoral Tunnel for Isokinetic Graft Placement Based on a

Ski Lesions Around the Knee: A Literature Review

### Contents



Preface

*Knee Surgery—Reconstruction and Replacement* is an intriguing book that addresses the most common injuries noted in a knee surgeon's routine, from biomechanical aspects to special situations of ligament injuries and joint replacement surgeries. It is not a compendium, or a base book, but an update book, complementary to the life

**João Bosco Sales Nogueira (Editor) and José Alberto Dias Leite (Co-editor)**

Programa de Pós Graduação em Cirurgia da Faculdade de Medicina da

Universidade Federal do Ceara. (Post Graduation Program of Medicine School of Federal University of Ceara, Brazil)

**Leonardo Heráclio do Carmo Araújo (Co-editor)**

**Marcelo José Cortez Bezerra (Co-editor)**

Santa Casa de Fortaleza,

Santa Casa de Fortaleza,

University of Fortaleza,

Brazil

Brazil

Brazil

of the knee specialist.
