**Abstract**

For over 50 years, commentators have sought to envision a wired or networked society whose social structures and activities, to a greater or lesser extent, are organized around digital information networks that connect people, processes, things, data, and networks. This phenomenon is increasingly called the Internet of Everything. Complexity is a significant concern with the Internet of Everything due to both the volume of heterogeneous entities and the nature of how such entities are related to each other and the wider environment in which they operate. Without intelligence, the Internet of Everything may not reach its full potential, hampered by predefined rules ill-suited to a changing and dynamic physical world. More recently, intelligent systems have emerged that can perceive and respond to the physical and social world around them with a greater degree of autonomy; these systems make things smart. However, such intelligent systems and smart things present both interesting and significant multilevel computational and societal research challenges, not least representing and making sense of a dynamic physical world. This chapter will introduce the Internet of Everything, present the building blocks of Intelligent Systems, and discuss some of the opportunities and challenges for multidisciplinary research in this emerging area as it relates to the Internet of Everything.

**Keywords:** intelligent systems, IOT, Internet of Things, Internet of Everything, cognitive architectures, privacy
