**3.1 Machine learning**

Machine learning is one of the main forms of artificial intelligence; it is an area concerned with how machines can learn to recognise patterns in data and thus enable them to predict future outcomes based on previous patterns. It is a branch of artificial intelligence which often interlaces with a wide variety of mathematic functions and pattern recognition techniques [10]. Some methods of machine learning include decision trees, K-nearest neighbours (KNN) and the most famous ANNs.
