**10. Conclusion**

The problem of discreteness in science and technology is one of the most interesting.

At different stages of development, either discreteness or continuity began to prevail and became a new word in science.

So, integral and differential calculi replaced arithmetic and algebra, connecting all quantities with continuous operations and conditions. Then quantum physics replaced the classical one.

The theory of stability, as the basis of cybernetics, was supplemented by discrete controls and methods, and this chapter has shown how the influence of discrete elements can be taken into account by links with continuous frequency characteristics. It is also shown how frequency analysis can well take into account the discreteness of some elements of self-propelled guns and obtain fundamentally new types of correction and new results.

**Author details**

Vladimir Kodkin

**345**

South Ural State University (National Research University), Chelyabinsk, Russia

*Discreteness in Time and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Automatic Control Systems…*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91467*

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

\*Address all correspondence to: kodkina2@mail.ru

provided the original work is properly cited.

*Discreteness in Time and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Automatic Control Systems… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91467*
