**Chapter 9 125**

Future of Nanoparticles in the Field of Medicine *by Neha Sharma*

## **Chapter 10 135**

Chemical Synthesis and Characterization of Luminescent Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Biomedical Applications *by Martin Onani, Leandre Brandt and Zuraan Paulsen*

Preface

Mineralogy is a branch of geology that deals with chemistry, crystal structure and physical properties of minerals in various igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary processes, from high to low temperatures and in various surfaces to deep Earth's

Mineralogy is also an important background and of high significance for many other scientific disciplines including environmental and geotechnical firms, mining

Minerals have a wide spectrum of applications and uses, such as industrial minerals, ores and gemology. Several society infrastructures are also made

completely from mineral resources (e.g., cell phones, copper wires, diamond rings, gold jewelry, aluminum cans, steel bridges, plaster walls, nuclear reactors, and

Chapter 1, "Hematite spherules on Mars," by Anupam K. Misra and Tayro E. Acosta-Maeda focuses on the hematite spherules on Mars through the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) launched by NASA and data gained from the NASA's Mars Exploration Rover "Opportunity," which landed in Eagle crater on Meridiani Planum. The authors discuss the observed properties of Martian hematite spherules and explain why a cosmic spherule formation mechanism provides a possible solution to the

Chapter 2, "Mineral chemistry of Chalki basalts in northern Iraq and their

petrological significance," by Mohsin M. Ghazal, Ali I. Al-Juboury and Sabhan M. Jalal describes the use of an electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) to distinguish the various phases of minerals resulted from the alteration on basaltic rocks of the Chalki volcanics in extreme Northern Iraq, as well as interprets their petrologic

Chapter 3, "Titanite from titanite-spots granodiorites of the Moldanubian Batholith (central European Variscan Belt)," by Miloš René integrates petrologic, mineralogic and geochemical analyses of titanite enclosed in hell "spots" in titanite-rich granodiorites from the Austrian Mühlviertel to show their significance in petrogenesis as

Concerning industrial applications of mineralogy, Chapter 4, "Investigation of the usability of pseudoleucites in Central Anatolia alkali syenites as industrial raw

*Mineralogy - Significance and Applications* includes ten chapters that discuss the importance and applications of mineralogy in selected regions of the world. Generally, these contributions range geographically from various countries in Asia, Europe and Africa and extend far to Mars, with contributions on some industrial

interior conditions and from continental to marine environments.

and materials industry, oil and gas industry and biomedical science.

many others).

significance.

late-magmatic evolution.

and biomedical applications of minerals.

puzzling observations on Mars.
