**5.2 Volume of leaf extract**

The quantity of leaf extract, that is, the volume of leaf extract, also affects the processing of nanoparticles and affects the time required for silver nanoparticle formation. Because leaf extracts are a major part of the reduction of silver ion, their volume up to a certain quantity is efficient in the formation of silver nanoparticles. Generally, the 1, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 100 ml leaf extract could be checked for effect. It is advised to use 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 ml, since less volume is required for nanoscale particle synthesis. The average particle size of the synthesized silver nanoparticles is highly influenced by the concentration of leaf extract that the contents (phenol, polyphenols, polysaccharides, tannins and anthocyanins) contributes significantly

to the reduction of Ag++ ions to the formation of stable Ag atoms in nanoscale, making it the main parameter during optimization for nanoparticle manufacturing.
