**9. Selenium toxicity in plants**

Selenium toxicity in plants arises from an increased concentration of selenium beyond the optimum threshold [70, 76]. High concentrations of Se in plant root can cause them to exhibit symptoms of injury, stunting of growth, chlorosis, withering and drying of leaves, decreased protein synthesis and premature death of the plant [77, 78]. Selenium toxicity is caused by two mechanisms: the first by inducing oxidative stress and second by malformed selenoproteins [70] plant from oxidative stress (Djanaguiraman et al., 2010). Se protects some plants from abiotic stress at low concentrations [71].
