**12. Conclusion**

Despite advances in the ante- and postnatal management, CDH is still a major medical and surgical challenge. Major determinants of the outcome in isolated CDH cases are the severity of pulmonary hypertension and concomitant cardiac dysfunction. Postnatal management targeted towards the correction of the underlying right and left ventricular dysfunction may lead the way to improved outcomes in the neonates with CDH. It is anticipated that the translational research and stem cell therapy might revolutionize the management of CDH in the future.
