*2.3.6 Plasmapheresis*

Plasmapheresis has been used successfully in refractory cases of neuropsychiatric lupus [83]. Plasmapheresis has also been applied in pregnant women with active lupus or antiphospholipid syndrome or in cases of lupus nephritis [84]. Immunoadsorption, is replacing plasmapheresis and appears to have good results [84].
