**4. The quality of surface waters**

The summary of the quality of surface waters by 2005 (Fig. 1a) was the result of processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from 825 monitoring flowing water sections and 97 lakes (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2005,accessed 2011), and performed in accredited laboratories. It was distributed as follows: 31.40% Ist quality water, 46.10% IInd quality water, 15.80% IIIrd quality water, 3.70% IVth quality water, and 3.10% Vth quality water.

From the point of view of monitoring activities developed at large national scale, the main components of the surface water are the flowing water (rivers) and lakes (Mihăiescu et al.,

Evolution of Water Quality in Romania 137

3.80% Vth quality water. The share of the Ist quality water is with 4.50% smaller compared to previous year, while the share of low quality water (IVth and Vth) was 15.80%, also

In this year, the lake water was distributed by five qualities (Fig. 2c) as follows: 22.30% Ist quality water, 47.10% IInd quality water, 15.20% IIIrd quality water, 9.00% IVth quality water, and 6.40% Vth quality water. We find that, in 2006, the lake water of low quality (IVth and Vth) occupies a bigger share (15.40%), compared to 2005, when Vth quality water was not reported, and IVth quality water represented only 2% from total analyzed lake water at national level, while the Ist quality water occupied a share with 23.80% smaller

(a)

I II III IV V

41.50%

15.2%

9%

6.4%

25.80%

(b) (c)

Fig. 2. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2006. (b) The flowing water by 5

The same study, as for the years 2005 and 2006, was performed on 2007, and data reported for the summary of the quality of surface waters by 2007, (Fig. 3a) also resulted after processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from almost the same numbers of flowing water sections and lakes, as previous years, 824 monitoring flowing water sections and 100 lakes, respectively (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2007, accessed 2011). The share of the Ist quality water was smaller in this year (23.80%) compared to previous years (which was bigger than 31%). The distribution of the surface water, lakes and rivers, in 2007, by quality categories

qualities, in 2006. (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2006

I II III IV V I II III IV V

bigger (with 8.50%) compared to previous year (7.30%).

12.10% 3.40%

compared to 2005 (47.10%).

17.4%

12.0%

3.8%

41.50%

17.20%

2010). The results of monitoring activities performed on these water categories may be summarized for flowing water distribution by five qualities (Fig. 1b) as follows: 29.80% Ist quality water, 46.40% IInd quality water, 16.50% IIIrd quality water, 5.10% IVth quality water, and 2.20% Vth quality water. Concerning the lake water, it was distributed only by four qualities (Fig. 1c), the Vth quality water missing, as follows: 47.10% Ist quality water, 33.30% IInd quality water, 17.60% IIIrd quality water, and 2.00% IVth quality water.

Fig. 1. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities in 2005. (b) The flowing water distribution by 5 qualities in 2005 (c) The lake water distribution by 4 qualities in 2005

By 2006, the summary of the quality of surface waters (Fig. 2a) was, as the same as in 2005, the result of processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from 825 monitoring flowing water sections and 102 lakes (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2006, accessed 2011). The results of the analysis demonstrates that the water quality was also divided by five categories, but the water of first quality was with 0.80% higher in this year, compared to previous: 25.80% Ist quality water, 41.50% IInd quality water, 17.20% IIIrd quality water, 12.10% IVth quality water, and 3.40% Vth quality water. The IVth and Vth quality water summarize 15.50%, and this represents a bigger share compared to 2005, when the share of the most polluted water at national scale was reported to be 6.80%.

The flowing water distribution, in 2006, by five qualities (Fig. 2b) was: 25.30% Ist quality water, 41.50% IInd quality water, 17.40% IIIrd quality water, 12.00% IVth quality water, and

2010). The results of monitoring activities performed on these water categories may be summarized for flowing water distribution by five qualities (Fig. 1b) as follows: 29.80% Ist quality water, 46.40% IInd quality water, 16.50% IIIrd quality water, 5.10% IVth quality water, and 2.20% Vth quality water. Concerning the lake water, it was distributed only by four qualities (Fig. 1c), the Vth quality water missing, as follows: 47.10% Ist quality water,

I II III IV V

(a)

(b) (c)

By 2006, the summary of the quality of surface waters (Fig. 2a) was, as the same as in 2005, the result of processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from 825 monitoring flowing water sections and 102 lakes (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2006, accessed 2011). The results of the analysis demonstrates that the water quality was also divided by five categories, but the water of first quality was with 0.80% higher in this year, compared to previous: 25.80% Ist quality water, 41.50% IInd quality water, 17.20% IIIrd quality water, 12.10% IVth quality water, and 3.40% Vth quality water. The IVth and Vth quality water summarize 15.50%, and this represents a bigger share compared to 2005, when the share of the most polluted water at

The flowing water distribution, in 2006, by five qualities (Fig. 2b) was: 25.30% Ist quality water, 41.50% IInd quality water, 17.40% IIIrd quality water, 12.00% IVth quality water, and

Fig. 1. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities in 2005. (b) The flowing water distribution by 5 qualities in 2005 (c) The lake water distribution by 4 qualities in 2005

I II III IV

47.1%

17.6% 2%

33.3%

I II III IV V

5.1% 2.2%

46.4%

national scale was reported to be 6.80%.

16.5%

3.7% 3.1% 31.4%

33.30% IInd quality water, 17.60% IIIrd quality water, and 2.00% IVth quality water.

3.80% Vth quality water. The share of the Ist quality water is with 4.50% smaller compared to previous year, while the share of low quality water (IVth and Vth) was 15.80%, also bigger (with 8.50%) compared to previous year (7.30%).

In this year, the lake water was distributed by five qualities (Fig. 2c) as follows: 22.30% Ist quality water, 47.10% IInd quality water, 15.20% IIIrd quality water, 9.00% IVth quality water, and 6.40% Vth quality water. We find that, in 2006, the lake water of low quality (IVth and Vth) occupies a bigger share (15.40%), compared to 2005, when Vth quality water was not reported, and IVth quality water represented only 2% from total analyzed lake water at national level, while the Ist quality water occupied a share with 23.80% smaller compared to 2005 (47.10%).

Fig. 2. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2006. (b) The flowing water by 5 qualities, in 2006. (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2006

The same study, as for the years 2005 and 2006, was performed on 2007, and data reported for the summary of the quality of surface waters by 2007, (Fig. 3a) also resulted after processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from almost the same numbers of flowing water sections and lakes, as previous years, 824 monitoring flowing water sections and 100 lakes, respectively (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2007, accessed 2011). The share of the Ist quality water was smaller in this year (23.80%) compared to previous years (which was bigger than 31%). The distribution of the surface water, lakes and rivers, in 2007, by quality categories

Evolution of Water Quality in Romania 139

compared to 2006, and much bigger concerning IVth and Vth quality water, which was 15.00% from total monitored lake waters, while in 2005 it was only 2% (Vth quality water

In 2008, the data concerning the summary of the quality of surface waters (Fig. 4a) was the result of processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from 817 monitoring flowing water sections, less than previous years (825 in 2005 and 824 in 2006 and 2007) and 102 lakes. Globally, the quality of flowing water and lakes monitored at national level during the reference year 2008 was distributed as follows: 29.00% Ist quality water, 44.40% IInd quality water, 17.10% IIIrd quality water, 5.50% IVth quality water, and 3.90% Vth quality water (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2005, accessed 2011). Compared to 2007, the share of Ist quality water was bigger with more than 5%, and compared with 2006 with 3.20%, but if comparison is made with 2005, it was

Concerning the flowing water, the distribution was by five qualities (Fig. 4b) as follows: 26.40% Ist quality water, 45.50% IInd quality water, 19.40% IIIrd quality water, 5.60% IVth quality water, and 3.10% Vth quality water. The most polluted water (IVth and Vth quality water) covered a share of 8.70%, less compared with 2007 (10.80%), and 2006 (15.80%), but more compared with 2005 (7.30%). For the Ist quality water was reported a bigger value

17.1% 5.5% 3.9%

(a)

12.24%

8.16% 2.04% 41.85%

(b) (c) I II III IV V I II III IV V

Fig. 4. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2008 (b) The flowing water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2008. (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2008

was not reported), and 13.40% in 2006.

smaller (with 2.40%).

5.6% 3.1%

may be summarized as follows: 23.80% Ist quality water, 45.00% IInd quality water, 18.80% IIIrd quality water, 7.90% IVth quality water, and 4.50% Vth quality water. For the low quality water (IVth and Vth) was reported a share of 12.40%, which means a bigger pollution of lake waters compared to 2005 (6.80%) but smaller compared with 2006 (15.50%).

Concerning the Romanian flowing water quality, in 2007, the National Agency for Environmental Protection reported the following distribution by five qualities (Fig. 3b): 23.40% Ist quality water, 44.50% IInd quality water, 21.30% IIIrd quality water, 7.20% IVth quality water, and 3.60% Vth quality water. The share of the Ist quality water, was in 2007 with 6.40% smaller compared to 2005, and with 1.90% compared to 2006. The same evolution was recorded concerning the IVth and Vth quality water, which was 10.80% from total monitored flowing waters, if the comparison is made with the values reported for 2005 (7.30%). If we report the low flowing water quality to 2007, we find that 5.00%variation was recorded (10.80% in 2007 compared to 15.80% in 2006).

The picture of lake water quality emphasize in 2007, the same distribution as in 2006, by five qualities (Fig. 3c), as follows: 45.00% Ist quality water, 27.00% IInd quality water, 13.00% IIIrd quality water, 11.00.00% IVth quality water, and 4.00% Vth quality water. The difference between the situation of Romanian lakes water quality in 2007 and previous years consists in smaller share (about 2%) of Ist quality water, compared to 2005 and 22.27%

Fig. 3. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2007. (b) The flowing water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2007. (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2007

may be summarized as follows: 23.80% Ist quality water, 45.00% IInd quality water, 18.80% IIIrd quality water, 7.90% IVth quality water, and 4.50% Vth quality water. For the low quality water (IVth and Vth) was reported a share of 12.40%, which means a bigger pollution of lake waters compared to 2005 (6.80%) but smaller compared with 2006 (15.50%). Concerning the Romanian flowing water quality, in 2007, the National Agency for Environmental Protection reported the following distribution by five qualities (Fig. 3b): 23.40% Ist quality water, 44.50% IInd quality water, 21.30% IIIrd quality water, 7.20% IVth quality water, and 3.60% Vth quality water. The share of the Ist quality water, was in 2007 with 6.40% smaller compared to 2005, and with 1.90% compared to 2006. The same evolution was recorded concerning the IVth and Vth quality water, which was 10.80% from total monitored flowing waters, if the comparison is made with the values reported for 2005 (7.30%). If we report the low flowing water quality to 2007, we find that 5.00%variation was

The picture of lake water quality emphasize in 2007, the same distribution as in 2006, by five qualities (Fig. 3c), as follows: 45.00% Ist quality water, 27.00% IInd quality water, 13.00% IIIrd quality water, 11.00.00% IVth quality water, and 4.00% Vth quality water. The difference between the situation of Romanian lakes water quality in 2007 and previous years consists in smaller share (about 2%) of Ist quality water, compared to 2005 and 22.27%

4.5%

(a)

I II III IV V

4% 45%

(b) (c)

Fig. 3. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2007. (b) The flowing water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2007. (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2007

I II III IV V I II III IV V

recorded (10.80% in 2007 compared to 15.80% in 2006).

7.2% 3.6%

7.9%

compared to 2006, and much bigger concerning IVth and Vth quality water, which was 15.00% from total monitored lake waters, while in 2005 it was only 2% (Vth quality water was not reported), and 13.40% in 2006.

In 2008, the data concerning the summary of the quality of surface waters (Fig. 4a) was the result of processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from 817 monitoring flowing water sections, less than previous years (825 in 2005 and 824 in 2006 and 2007) and 102 lakes. Globally, the quality of flowing water and lakes monitored at national level during the reference year 2008 was distributed as follows: 29.00% Ist quality water, 44.40% IInd quality water, 17.10% IIIrd quality water, 5.50% IVth quality water, and 3.90% Vth quality water (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2005, accessed 2011). Compared to 2007, the share of Ist quality water was bigger with more than 5%, and compared with 2006 with 3.20%, but if comparison is made with 2005, it was smaller (with 2.40%).

Concerning the flowing water, the distribution was by five qualities (Fig. 4b) as follows: 26.40% Ist quality water, 45.50% IInd quality water, 19.40% IIIrd quality water, 5.60% IVth quality water, and 3.10% Vth quality water. The most polluted water (IVth and Vth quality water) covered a share of 8.70%, less compared with 2007 (10.80%), and 2006 (15.80%), but more compared with 2005 (7.30%). For the Ist quality water was reported a bigger value

Fig. 4. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2008 (b) The flowing water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2008. (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2008

Evolution of Water Quality in Romania 141

2006 (41.50%). Concerning the IIIrd quality water, shares between 15.80% and 18.80% were reported during the studied monitoring period between 2005 and 2009. The biggest value of the IIIrd quality surface water was reported in 2007 (18.80%), while the smallest in 2005 (15.80%). Almost identical values were recorded in 2006 (17.20%), and 2008 (17.10%), while

5.7% 4.3% 29.8%

(a)

I II III IV V

6.1% 3.5% 4.2% 1.1% 35.8%

(b) (c) I II III IV V I II III IV V

I II III IV V

Fig. 6. The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, and by years, during the period of five

3.7

12.1 7.9

15.8 17.2 18.8 17.1 16.5

Water quality classes

5.5 5.7 4.5 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.3

Fig. 5. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2009 (b) The flowing water by 5

qualities, in 2009 (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2009

46.1 41.5 <sup>45</sup> 44.4 43.6

31.4 25.8 23.8 29 29.8

years 2005 - 2009

%

in 2009 a share of 16.50% was reported for the same surface water category.

compared with 2007 (with 3.00), and 2006 (with 1.10%) but smaller compared with 2005 (with 2.40%).

The water quality of the main lakes in Romania in relation to the water data analysis leads to the conclusion that out of the total of 102 (Fig. 4c), their water have different qualities, as follows: 41.85% Ist quality water, 35.71% IInd quality water, 12.24% IIIrd quality water, 8.16% IVth quality water, and 2.04% Vth quality water. The values concerning the Ist quality water, recorded in 2008, are bigger compared to 2006 (25.80%), but smaller compared with 2005 (47.10%), and 2007 (45.00%). Concerning the share of most polluted lakes (IVth and Vth quality water), their share was 10.20% in 2008, bigger compared to 2005 (2.00%), but smaller if comparison is made to 2006 and 2007, when the share of IVth and Vth quality water was reported as 15.80% and 15.00%, respectively.

In 2009, the data concerning the summary of the quality of surface waters (Fig. 5a) was the result of processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from a similar number of monitoring flowing water sections as in 2008 (818 in 2009 compared to 817 in 2008), and 95 lakes. It was distributed as follows: 29.80% Ist quality water, 43.60% IInd quality water, 16.50% IIIrd quality water, 5.70% IVth quality water, and 4.30% Vth quality water (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2005, accessed 2011). The value of Ist quality water share was similar with 2008 (29.00%), and the same situation was also reported for IVth and Vth quality water.

The flowing water distribution by five qualities (Fig. 5b) was: 21.70% Ist quality water, 46.80% IInd quality water, 17.90% IIIrd quality water, 6.10% IVth quality water, and 3.50% Vth quality water. The share of the Ist quality flowing water in 2009 was the smallest reported for the period of 5 years we studied (29.80% in 2005, 25.80% in 2006, 23.40% in 2007, and 26.40% in 2008), while the share of 9.60% reported for IVth and Vth quality water was bigger compared to values reported in 2008 (8.70%) and 2005 (7.30%), but smaller compared to values reported in 2006 (15.80%), and 2007 (10.80%).

The water quality of the main lakes in Romania in relation to the water data analysis leads to the conclusion that out of the total of 95 (Fig. 5c), their water have different qualities, as follows: 34 had Ist quality water (35.80%), 42 had IInd quality water (44.21%), 14 had IIIrd quality water (14.70%), 4 had IVth quality water (4.20%), and 1 Vth quality water (1.10%). The share of the Ist quality lake water in 2009 (35.80%) was of bigger compared with 2006 (25.80%), but smaller compared to the other years of the analyzed period (47.10% in 2005, 45.00% in 2007, and 41.81% in 2008). The share of 5.30% reported for IVth and Vth quality water was bigger only compared to value reported in 2005 (2.00%), and smaller compared to values reported for the other analyzed years of the studied period (with 8.10% compared to 2006, with 9.70% compared to 2007, and with 4.90% compared to 2008).

If we study the distribution of monitored quality of surface waters in their assembly by entire 5 years studied period between years 2005 and 2009, by five qualities (Fig. 6) we find the evolution of its quality.

Thus, the biggest share of the Ist quality surface water was recorded in 2005 (31.40%), with similar values in 2008 (29.00%) and 2009 (29.80%), while the lowest value was recorded in 2007 (23.80%). For the IInd quality surface water there was reported the biggest share during entire studied period of five years, more than 40.00%. The biggest value was reported in 2005 (46.10%), with close values in 2007 (45.00%), and 2008 (44.40%), and smallest share in

compared with 2007 (with 3.00), and 2006 (with 1.10%) but smaller compared with 2005

The water quality of the main lakes in Romania in relation to the water data analysis leads to the conclusion that out of the total of 102 (Fig. 4c), their water have different qualities, as follows: 41.85% Ist quality water, 35.71% IInd quality water, 12.24% IIIrd quality water, 8.16% IVth quality water, and 2.04% Vth quality water. The values concerning the Ist quality water, recorded in 2008, are bigger compared to 2006 (25.80%), but smaller compared with 2005 (47.10%), and 2007 (45.00%). Concerning the share of most polluted lakes (IVth and Vth quality water), their share was 10.20% in 2008, bigger compared to 2005 (2.00%), but smaller if comparison is made to 2006 and 2007, when the share of IVth and Vth quality water was

In 2009, the data concerning the summary of the quality of surface waters (Fig. 5a) was the result of processing the raw data deriving from the physico-chemical analyses of water sampled from a similar number of monitoring flowing water sections as in 2008 (818 in 2009 compared to 817 in 2008), and 95 lakes. It was distributed as follows: 29.80% Ist quality water, 43.60% IInd quality water, 16.50% IIIrd quality water, 5.70% IVth quality water, and 4.30% Vth quality water (http://www.anpm.ro/Mediu/rapoarte, 2005, accessed 2011). The value of Ist quality water share was similar with 2008 (29.00%), and the same situation was

The flowing water distribution by five qualities (Fig. 5b) was: 21.70% Ist quality water, 46.80% IInd quality water, 17.90% IIIrd quality water, 6.10% IVth quality water, and 3.50% Vth quality water. The share of the Ist quality flowing water in 2009 was the smallest reported for the period of 5 years we studied (29.80% in 2005, 25.80% in 2006, 23.40% in 2007, and 26.40% in 2008), while the share of 9.60% reported for IVth and Vth quality water was bigger compared to values reported in 2008 (8.70%) and 2005 (7.30%), but smaller

The water quality of the main lakes in Romania in relation to the water data analysis leads to the conclusion that out of the total of 95 (Fig. 5c), their water have different qualities, as follows: 34 had Ist quality water (35.80%), 42 had IInd quality water (44.21%), 14 had IIIrd quality water (14.70%), 4 had IVth quality water (4.20%), and 1 Vth quality water (1.10%). The share of the Ist quality lake water in 2009 (35.80%) was of bigger compared with 2006 (25.80%), but smaller compared to the other years of the analyzed period (47.10% in 2005, 45.00% in 2007, and 41.81% in 2008). The share of 5.30% reported for IVth and Vth quality water was bigger only compared to value reported in 2005 (2.00%), and smaller compared to values reported for the other analyzed years of the studied period (with 8.10% compared to

If we study the distribution of monitored quality of surface waters in their assembly by entire 5 years studied period between years 2005 and 2009, by five qualities (Fig. 6) we find

Thus, the biggest share of the Ist quality surface water was recorded in 2005 (31.40%), with similar values in 2008 (29.00%) and 2009 (29.80%), while the lowest value was recorded in 2007 (23.80%). For the IInd quality surface water there was reported the biggest share during entire studied period of five years, more than 40.00%. The biggest value was reported in 2005 (46.10%), with close values in 2007 (45.00%), and 2008 (44.40%), and smallest share in

(with 2.40%).

reported as 15.80% and 15.00%, respectively.

also reported for IVth and Vth quality water.

the evolution of its quality.

compared to values reported in 2006 (15.80%), and 2007 (10.80%).

2006, with 9.70% compared to 2007, and with 4.90% compared to 2008).

2006 (41.50%). Concerning the IIIrd quality water, shares between 15.80% and 18.80% were reported during the studied monitoring period between 2005 and 2009. The biggest value of the IIIrd quality surface water was reported in 2007 (18.80%), while the smallest in 2005 (15.80%). Almost identical values were recorded in 2006 (17.20%), and 2008 (17.10%), while in 2009 a share of 16.50% was reported for the same surface water category.

Fig. 5. (a) The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2009 (b) The flowing water by 5 qualities, in 2009 (c) The lake water distribution by 5 qualities, in 2009

Fig. 6. The surface water distribution by 5 qualities, and by years, during the period of five years 2005 - 2009

Evolution of Water Quality in Romania 143

In 2008, there have been monitored 1,899 drillings. Through the county public Health Offices, there were also monitored fountains, whose water is generally non-drinking, because of the overshoot recorded for ammonium, nitrates, and bacteriological indicators. These, fountains and are infested by infiltrations from non hydro - isolated sanitation groups, and from domestic waste and animal origin waste, originating in private households. From the analysis of the processed data resulted as consequence of monitoring the physical and chemical parameters of the phreatic layer located in drillings, most values over the established thresholds concerned: organic substances, nitrogen, ammonium, total hardness, chlorine, phosphates, and iron. Concerning the groundwater contamination with nitrates, overshoot of concentration has been recorded in 220 drillings, what represents 11.59% of total drillings monitored. Pollution is differentiated felt, existing areas in majority of river basin, in which, in the aquifer are found concentrations that lie far above the limit allowed, 50 mg/L. Another cause of unsatisfactory groundwater quality is the intense contamination of aquifers with ammonium and organic substances. Thus, in 466 of analysed drillings, values over threshold were recorded for the organic substance, and in 518

In 2009, for the assessment of the quantitative status of bodies of groundwater it has been used the European Guide recommendations, prepared in the framework of the Common Implementation Strategy Framework, using the following criteria: hydric balance; connection with surface waters; influence on terrestrial ecosystems dependent on groundwater, intrusion of saline water or other intrusions. The good status of groundwater, involves a number of conditions set out in annex V of the Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000/60/EC). Additional conditions for chemical status and evaluation procedures are developed in the Groundwater Daughter Directive (Directive 2006/118/EC), transposed into national law by Governmental Decision no. 53/2009, for the approval of the

drillings, the ammonium indicator had values over admitted threshold.

national plan of groundwater protection against pollution and deterioration.

26.2 23.1

22.4 21.4 11.5 10.4

Organic substances Ammonium Nitrates Phosphates Iron Pollutants Fig. 7. The evolution of groundwater pollutants during studied five years period 2005 - 2009

Assessment of the status of bodies of groundwater was compiled on the basis of the comparison of chemical analysis carried out in 2009, with the threshold values (TV), values that have been determined for a number of 142 bodies of groundwater, from the 142 bodies established in Romania and which were published in the Order of the Ministry of Environment and Forests no. 137/2009. By applying the methodology and criteria for the

4.1 4.4 4 4.8

4.5 5.4 4.3

4.3 4.2 4.1

29.8 30 27.8 24.5 22.8

60

%

50

40

30

20

10

0

28.41 26.2 25.9 27.3

The IVth quality surface water and Vth quality surface water represent the most polluted water category, with highest content in the main pollutants identified in the surface water (nitrogen compounds, chlorine, Fe, P, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cd, Zn, pesticides, oil products and detergents). The biggest values of the low quality surface water were recorded in 2006, 15.80 respectively, and the smallest in 2005, 6.80, respectively. The values of the IVth and Vth quality surface water reported in the other years of the studied period of 5 years (2005 – 2009) were: 12.40% in 2007, 9.40% in 2008, and 10.00% in 2009.
