**6. Service rules and platform**

The integrated service management and monitoring environment for smart services is suggested. The unit smart services construct an information architecture (figure 6) that gathers the 'Event' generated by citizens, and relates them to the 'Action' that should be taken by the digital devices/artifacts, while managing these two elements using service 'Rules'.

The ICT devices and display forms that can be used in the services are designed according





service

service

service


The integrated service management and monitoring environment for smart services is suggested. The unit smart services construct an information architecture (figure 6) that gathers the 'Event' generated by citizens, and relates them to the 'Action' that should be taken by the digital devices/artifacts, while managing these two elements using service

Table 9. Examples of smart device implementation. (Uk Kim, ubiquitous amenities lab,

service

Hongik University and Seung Sik Yoon, UBIDUS Co.)

Street light Community board Adaptive media display

to technical feasibilities. Their images are captured in table 9.


**6. Service rules and platform** 

base on smart key - Emergency call service

'Rules'.

The u-service (or services based on ubiquitous technology) can be abstracted to a series of 'Events' occurring according to the'Actions' evoked by a user or the environment. Often times, the environment encapsulates various sensors and input devices based on IT technology, and output devices such as a computer, smart-phone, digital signage, and/or large sized information displays

The 'Event' that triggers an 'Action' of a smart space can be an input signal, actively or passively, created by a user of the system, or an event that is automatically generated by the system, such as a timed event, or an output signal from a nested procedure of the smart space. The 'Action' can be classified as a triggering of contents, applications, or mechanical outputs of a smart space.

The series of 'Events' that provoke 'Actions' of a smart space can be modeled so that the interactions of a user to a given smart space can be normalized and systemized. If we define a u-service as a series of 'Actions' caused by a single, or a series of events within a smart space, we can couple the relations of corresponding 'Actions' caused by appropriate 'Events', and call it a 'Rule'.

The input data from the citizens' behaviors are modeled into 'Events', which are mapped to one or more 'Actions' that is to be performed by the digital devices that provide smart services (or u-services). 'Events' and 'Actions' are bound through 'Rules', thus enabling a platform to manage services through those specified 'Rules'.

Fig. 6. Information architecture. (Uk Kim, ubiquitous amenities lab, Hongik University)

By associating 'Actions' to 'Events' using 'Rules' in a smart space, it is possible to normalize & systemize a u-service. If we can conceive the concept of a 'u-service' as delivering needed contents to a needed user, using appropriated devices & networks through associated applications, the coupling of 'Actions', 'Events', and 'Rules' to define a 'u-service' can provide a method to normalize u-services.

The 'Rules' can be archived and modified according to the needs of the associated u-service given a specific time frame, thus provide a platform in which u-services can be modeled,

Digital Amenities of a Smart City 57

Fig. 8. Service model evaluation process using test-beds. (Uk Kim, ubiquitous amenities lab,

The 1st stage test-bed will evaluate the user response according to the usability and values provided, which is based on the data gathered from the implementation of the service testbed. As for the 1st stage of technical evaluation in the test-bed, factors such as the efficiency of the technology implemented, and durability of the technology under field environment

During the 2nd stage of the test-bed, the usability and technical evaluation results from the 1st stage are used to upgrade the system and service models. The revised system and service models are tested in the 2nd step test-bed, according to the same evaluation factors used in

Hongik University and Seung Sik Yoon, UBIDUS Co.)

are examined.

the 1st stage.

authored, and managed. A customizable integrated platform model (figure 7) is framed so that it provides adequate information for appropriate devices. The Platform detects and processes the citizens' needs based on various ICT (Information Community Technology) environments.

The service offered to the citizens using ICT environments can be modified /adapted /expanded according to the unit space, and individual context of the space.

Fig. 7. Smart service platform. (Uk Kim, ubiquitous amenities lab, Hongik University and Seung Sik Yoon, UBIDUS Co.)

Prototypes of SDK (Standard Development Kit), API's and Simulators that are needed to integrate the unit smart service to the platform is also provided, and Service Management Rules are developed to provide maximum benefit and efficiency.

To ensure the successful management of services, a "Business Ecology" is suggested to the Government and Private sector business partners.
