Meet the editors

Dr. Yogendra Shah works as a Senior Research Microbiologist and Lecturer at the National Zoonoses and Food Hygiene Research Center and Kathmandu College of Science and Technology, Nepal. He completed his Ph.D. in Veterinary Medicine (Bacteriology) from the Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan in 2017. His research areas are mainly to better understand the molecular epidemiological fea-

tures/transmission dynamics of infectious diseases and zoonotic infectious diseases in Nepal by employing molecular techniques like ELISA, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and DNA sequencing. He was awarded the 'Young Science and Technology Award' from the Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST) in 2019. His research interests include infectious diseases, zoonotic infectious diseases and vector-borne diseases. He has published more than 34 research articles and 12 books in peer-reviewed journals. Publication link: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0820-4556

Professor Eltayb Abuelzein graduated from the University of Khartoum, Sudan, with a B.V.Sc. in Veterinary Medicine. He obtained his Master's and Ph.D. degrees in virology from the University of Reading, Britain. He also received his Post-Doctoral Fellowship (FIAEA), in Immunolabelled Techniques & Arbovirology from the World Reference Laboratory, Pirbright Britain. Since 1975 he has been engaged in active research, technological

developments, and teaching in several universities in Sudan and Saudi Arabia. He has acted as a Consultant to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Immunolabelled Techniques. He is an editor and reviewer for a number of scientific journals including the international journal "Tropical Animal Health & Production", Britain. He has published 123 peer-reviewed papers in reputable scientific journals and 60 peer-reviewed articles in conferences. He was the first to develop the ELISA technique in Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Virus Research. He has been quoted in the highly reputed international scientific journal "Nature". He contributed to the book: "Immunoassay in the 80's", 1981, ATP Publishing Co., London. He made the first records of several viral diseases of great international significance. Presently, he is the Chair Professor of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia.

Contents

New Paradigms

New Coronavirus *by Chanda Siddoo-Atwal*

*by Rafaat Hussein*

*and Abdul Naeem*

Outlook - A Review *by S.D. Audarya*

from SARS-CoV Infections

*by Khammadov Nail Ildarovich*

The Causative Agent of FMD Disease *by Yaxin Wang and Meijun Liu*

*Maria Clara Bicho and Manuel Bicho*

Ebola, the Negative Stranded RNA Virus

*by Adamu Ishaku Akyala*

**Preface XI**

**Chapter 1 1**

**Chapter 2 9**

**Chapter 3 27**

**Chapter 4 37**

**Chapter 5 53**

**Chapter 6 67**

**Chapter 7 79**

**Chapter 8 95**

How Can We Be Ahead of COVID-19 Curve? A Hybrid Knowledge-Based and Modified Regression Analysis Approach for COVID-19 Tracking in USA

Renin Angiotensin System, Gut-Lung Cross Talk and Microbiota. Lessons

*by Andreia Matos, Alda Pereira da Silva, Joana Ferreira, Ana Carolina Santos,* 

*by Aqsa Farman, Syed Lal Badshah, Khalid Khan, Nasir Ahmad* 

Genetic Polymorphisms of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus

Foot-and-Mouth Disease in India: Past, Present and Future

Mode of Transmission and Viral Shedding of SARS-CoV-2: Emerging

Assembling an Anti-COVID-19 Artillery in the Battle against the
