**Abstract**

Nanobiotechnology has huge number of applications in medical science thereby improving health care practices. Keeping in mind the applications of nanoparticles and the convection patterns in biological fields, behaviour of nanofluids is explored for small temperature difference in the layer. The flow of nanofluids is usually described by system of differential equations. A mathematical model for the system based on conservation laws of mass, momentum and energy is formed. To get the insight of the problem, complex equations are simplified wherever needed to get interesting results without violating the necessary physics. The influence of physical properties such as density and conductivity of metallic/non-metallic nanoparticles is examined on the onset of convection currents in the fluid layer.

**Keywords:** nanofluids, natural convection, conservation equations, metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles
