Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences

*Edited by Edward R. Rhodes and Humood Naser*

Published in London, United Kingdom

### *Supporting open minds since 2005*

Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82948 Edited by Edward R. Rhodes and Humood Naser

Scinetific contributors

Mohd Nazip Suratman, Sumit Chakravarty and Gopal Shukla

#### Contributors

Daniel George Neary, Jackson Leonard, Hussein El-Naggar, Julius Kotir, Kossi Adjonou, Kokou Kouami, Ouinsavi Christine, Rabiou Habou, Komla Elikplim Abotsi, Johnson Benziwa Nathalie, Alaba Pyoabalo, Quashie Épouse Mensah Attoh Akossiwoa Marie-Luce, Kokutse Adzo Dzifa, Segla Kossi Novinyo, Stephen Mattia, Sampha Sesay, Sebua Semenya, Matjutla Mokgoebo, Jafari R. Kideghesho, Sekar Veera, R. Rajasekaran, Srinivasan Balakrishnan, Michel Soto Chalhoub, Fiona Campbell, Fabio Pieri, Reinaldo Martins Cunha-Junior, Pamela Buenos Aires Domingues, Rafael De Oliveira Ambrósio, Caio Augusto Freitas Martins, Jéssica Genoveva Boline Passarelli Capaz Pinto Da Silva, Neji Mahmoudi, Mosbah Mahdhi, Mohamed Mars, Bienvenu Magloire Takem Mbi, Aloysious Aloy Kohtem Lebga, Marlenne Gomez-Ramirez, Sergio A Tenorio-Sánchez, Oddvar Skre, Emmanuel Torres Quezada, Bielinski Santos, Isabel Torres Quezada, Rodrigue Constant Sandjong Sani, Mama Ntoupka, Toua Vroumsia, N Tchobsala, Adamou Ibrahima, Olumuyiwa Idowu Ojo, Masengo Francois Ilunga, Prasanna Pal, Snigdha Chatterjee, Satarupa Ghosh

#### © The Editor(s) and the Author(s) 2021

The rights of the editor(s) and the author(s) have been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights to the book as a whole are reserved by INTECHOPEN LIMITED. The book as a whole (compilation) cannot be reproduced, distributed or used for commercial or non-commercial purposes without INTECHOPEN LIMITED's written permission. Enquiries concerning the use of the book should be directed to INTECHOPEN LIMITED rights and permissions department (permissions@intechopen.com).

Violations are liable to prosecution under the governing Copyright Law.

Individual chapters of this publication are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License which permits commercial use, distribution and reproduction of the individual chapters, provided the original author(s) and source publication are appropriately acknowledged. If so indicated, certain images may not be included under the Creative Commons license. In such cases users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. More details and guidelines concerning content reuse and adaptation can be found at http://www.intechopen.com/copyright-policy.html.

#### Notice

Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.

First published in London, United Kingdom, 2021 by IntechOpen IntechOpen is the global imprint of INTECHOPEN LIMITED, registered in England and Wales, registration number: 11086078, 5 Princes Gate Court, London, SW7 2QJ, United Kingdom Printed in Croatia

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Additional hard and PDF copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com

Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences Edited by Edward R. Rhodes and Humood Naser p. cm. Print ISBN 978-1-83880-464-0 Online ISBN 978-1-83880-465-7 eBook (PDF) ISBN 978-1-83968-600-9
