Meet the editor

Mohammad Mokhtari was born in Nosara, Neyshabur and obtained his BSc, MSc, and Ph.D. from Azarabadegan, Southampton and Bergen Universities respectively. He also studied at Utrecht University and worked as a principal geophysicist at Norsk Hydro (Norway) and NIOC. As the Director of SRC at IIEES and Member of Board of Directors, he established the NBSN, was a Cofounder and Director of NCEP and a founding

member of the Risk Management Excellence Center. He is also a member of the Passive Seismic Equipment Expert Panel, CTBTO, and a visiting researcher at GSA, Indian Ocean Tsunami Hazard Assessment. He was a member of the advisory board at IntechOpen publication. He is now chairman of ICG/NWIO-WG, a founding member of TERC and Director of Maga Makran project and VP of SPIRM Institute. He has supervised 32 MSc and 10 Ph.D. students. He has published over 75 papers, 100 conference presentations, and 7 books.

Contents

**Section 1**

**Section 2**

and Todays Practice *by Mohammad Mokhtari*

Remote Sensing Technique

*by Ghazala Naeem*

*by Diana Dimitrova*

**Section 3**

**Section 4**

**Preface XI**

Introduction **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

Tsunami Damage Estimate **11**

**Chapter 2 13**

**Chapter 3 35**

Health Consequences **55**

**Chapter 4 57**

Mexico Early Waring System **73**

**Chapter 5 75**

Monitoring of Tsunami/Earthquake Damages by Polarimetric Microwave

*by Dong Li, Yunhua Zhang, Liting Liang, Jiefang Yang and Xun Wang*

Outbreak of Traumatic Defeat Earthquakes: Health Consequences

Dealing with Local Tsunami on Pakistan Coast

and Medical Provision of the Population

*by Jaime Santos-Reyes and Tatiana Gouzeva*

The Risk of Tsunamis in Mexico

Introductory Chapter: The Lessons Learned from Past Tsunamis

### Contents


Preface

The history of tsunamis indicates that society is normally surprised and unprepared when it happens. It is always the history that enables us to plan for the future and to make it better and similarly, to apprehend the future losses from disasters like earthquakes and tsunamis. Studying past events using geological evidence gives us the best opportunity to plan for mitigation. Especially in the case of trans-oceanic tsunamis, which are rare, the only evidence we found earlier in many cases is historical documents. The past occurrence of such large tsunamis is usually preserved by geological features/structures along the coasts. The geological evidence not only gives insight into the past to understand what has happened, but it also helps us prepare for the future, including the fine-tuning of standard operating procedures for unexpected events and planning and designing of

infrastructure for the development of a particular region. The long-term geological records provide opportunities to assess tsunami hazards more copiously. A more refined understanding of the long-term variations in time and the recurrence of giant tsunamis is essential for producing realistic vulnerability assessments for coastal communities. All these give us some guidelines to develop a technology that will help us with tsunami risk management and early warning systems. In addition to all of this, the local preparedness and education of the coastal communities is a

In this book we have not fully covered the Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA), but this methodology has been proven to be essential for tsunami risk reduction assessments. Using this method, we can prioritize high hazard locations for more detailed studies and identify the tsunami sources that contribute most to the hazard at a particular location. However, it is important to mention that tsunami risk management measures, such as planning evacuation routes would require a

The book has been divided into four sections. The first section is an introduction with the title of "Introductory Chapter: The Lessons Learned from Past Tsunamis

The second section covers "Monitoring of Tsunami/Earthquake Damages by

Polarimetric Microwave Remote Sensing Technique", which is efficient and accurate monitoring and assessment for the fast response, management, and mitigation of the disasters. It is important to mention that Polarimetric remote sensing is an effective technique in the discrimination and recognition of ground objects. The section continues by considering the local tsunami on the Pakistan coast, where the earthquake and tsunami risk assessment and mitigation roadmap for Pakistan's coastal areas are being covered. The outbreak of devastating effects of an earthquake and its creation of health consequences, and medical providers of the population are discussed in the third section where proper medical triage and the provision of medical care in the outbreak of a traumatic disaster is a staged process. Section four will cover the risk of tsunamis in Mexico and the introduction of a

very important aspect and requires worldwide attention.

better understanding of high-resolution local-scale information.

and Todays Practice".

preliminary tsunami early warning system.
