**Acknowledgements**

The funding for this research was provided by the Duke University Marine Laboratory/Oak Foundation Mini-Grant for marine conservation project to the first author (MAU). We are very much grateful to Duke University Marine Lab at Beaufort, NC USA. Thanks to Mr. Henry Erikowa, managing director of Falcorp Mangrove Park, Ijala-Ikeren in Warri for providing logistics for the team during the study. Special thanks also go to Messrs. Abiloye Erikowa and Festus Arijode for their various field assistance.
