**4. Conclusions**

The community in semi-arid areas of Chololo eco-village carried out practices that had a direct response to livelihood and success in addressing the impact of climate change and desertification. The practices and/or initiatives mainly, included oxen-drawn tillage and rehabilitation of village forests. These initiatives seemed to be appropriate in enhancing cropland productivity through reduced soil erosion, improved soil fertility/productivity and moisture conservation; improvement of income and food security; and mitigating land degradation and desertification. Despite the positive contribution of the crop farming practices in lessening desertification and improved livelihood, we noted that the average farmers yield were below the potential yield. The survival rate of trees with regard to forestry rehabilitation was not encouraging to attain desirable effects in mitigating desertification. It is recommended that the local communities in the study area, village

*Role of Eco-Village Initiatives in Mitigating Desertification in Semi-Arid Areas of Tanzania DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98719*

institutions and other relevant stakeholders should promote the best performing eco-village practices that have been evolved through participatory approaches; and Dodoma City Council should regularly facilitate the communities through provision of knowledge and technical support to sustain the eco-village practices.
