**8.3 Otitis media**

It is a condition of chronic ear infection caused due to inflammation of mucoperiosteal lining [5]. In the middle ear cavity, fluid gets accumulated which ultimately affects speech development and learning capability of the patient. However, its complete etiology is still under research [7]. Various organisms responsible for otitis media include *S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa,* etc. As due to limited penetration of antibiotic, its low concentration is present in middle ear fluid, hence strong antibiotics like amoxicillin, cefaclor, erythromycin, and clarithromycin are needed for combating otitis media [5].
