**Author details**

*Bacterial Biofilms*

*Euphorbia hirta*

*Terminalia bellirica* (Gaertn.) Roxb

*Azadirachta indica* A. Juss

*Commiphora leptophloeos* (Mart.) J.B. Gillet

*Bauhinia acuruana* (Moric)

*Camellia sinensis* (L.) Kuntze

*Medicinal plants with anti-biofilm activity.*

L.

**124**

been mentioned.

**Table 1.**

**6. Conclusion**

quorum sensing agents.

bark, rhizome) used, the various solvents used for extraction and their ability to inhibit cell adhesion or to eradicate biofilm formed by different pathogens have

**Plant name Family Part used Solvent Biofilm** 

parts

fruit

Meliaceae Leaf Distilled

Burseraceae Stem bark Distilled

Fabaceae Fruit Distilled

Euphorbiaceae Aerial

Combretaceae Dried

**inhibition activity**

inhibition and eradication activity against *P. aeruginosa* observed at 0.25 and 0.5 mg/ml, respectively

Methanol Biofilm

Ethanol Inhibition

water

water

water

Theaceae Leaves Ethanol Inhibited the

biofilm formation by 89.8 and 92.2% at 125 and 250 μg/mL, respectively

Reduced biofilm completely by 35% at 5% w/v

Inhibition of cell adhesion above 80% at 4.0 mg/mL

Inhibition of biofilm formation was determined to be 77.8 ± 5.0% at 4.0 mg/mL

cell adhesion by 78.7% 0.5%w/v

**Reference**

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

[94]

Combatting biofilm and quorum sensing is a good strategy to reduce microbial pathogenicity and thus fight infections. This can be achieved by finding effective agents that can inhibit biofilm formation and disrupt quorum sensing mechanisms. Natural products particularly medicinal plants are a rich source of bioactive compounds that have served as useful leads in the development of drugs. Rigorous evaluation of medicinal plants can therefore lead to novel anti-biofilm and antiCynthia Amaning Danquah1 \*, Samuel Osei-Djarbeng2 , Theresah Appiah3 , Yaw Duah Boakye3 and Francis Adu3

1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

2 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumasi Technical University, Kumasi, Ghana

3 Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana

\*Address all correspondence to: cadanquah.pharm@knust.edu.gh

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
