**Part 4**

**Sustainable Environment and Water Management** 

Sustainable Development – 142 Energy, Engineering and Technologies – Manufacturing and Environment

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**7** 

**Case of Malawi** 

*c/o Malawi Polytechnic,* 

*Malawi* 

V. Chipofya1, S. Kainja2 and S. Bota2 *1University of Malawi, The Polytechnic, 2Malawi Water Partnership Secretariat,* 

**Integrated Water Resources Management** 

Malawi lies between latitudes 9°S and 17°S and between longitudes 33°E and 36°E. The country's international frontiers are shared with the United Republic of Tanzania to the north and northeast, the Republic of Mozambique to the southeast, south and southwest and the Republic of Zambia to the west. It covers a geographical area of 118,484 km2. Lake Malawi, the third largest freshwater lake on the African continent, takes up nearly 23.6 percent or 28,000 km2 of the area. Malawi is a founding member of Southern Africa

The population of the country is estimated at 12 million, with a population density of 107 people/km2. Most of the people (90 percent) live in rural areas. The main economic base of the country is agriculture with subsistence and smallholder farming being prevalent among

The country has a range of natural resources which include fertile soils for agriculture, water resources, and a remarkable diversity of flora and fauna that have earned Malawi a unique habitat for bio-diversity. However, these natural resources are continuously threatened by high population densities and poverty, which have led to widespread deforestation, cultivation and settlement of marginal areas for survival. These factors highlight the challenge of balancing efforts between poverty alleviation (economic growth)

**1. Introduction** 

**1.2 Population** 

the rural population.

**1.3 Natural resources** 

**1.1 Country's location and surface area** 

Development Community (SADC).

and natural resources management.

**- Key to Sustainable Development and** 

**Management of Water Resources:** 
