**6. Conclusions**

Traffic of machines, soil tillage, and weed control methods are the main causes of change in soil physical properties in coffee crop. However, management of soil acidity with limestone and use of gypsum also can change soil physical and electrochemical properties, which are related with dynamic processes like soil air and hydraulic permeability into soil which are essential to root development and growth.

**53**

**Author details**

work.

Cezar Francisco Araujo-Junior1,2\*, Vinicius Cesar Sambatti3

1 Agronomic Institute of the State of Paraná – IAPAR, Soils Area, Brazil

2 Post Graduate Programme in Conservation Agriculture, Londrina, Brazil

3 Post Graduate Programme in Conservation Agriculture with Support Scholarship Offered by Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel

4 Agronomy at State University of Londrina—UEL, Scientific Initiation Programme at IAPAR—ProICI with Support Scholarship Offered by National Council for

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

5 Agronomy at Center University of Filadélfia—UNIFIL, Scientific Initiation Programme at IAPAR—ProICI with Support Scholarship Offered by National

Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil

João Henrique Vieira de Almeida Junior4

(CAPES)—Finance Code 001, Londrina, Brazil

Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazil

\*Address all correspondence to: cezar\_araujo@iapar.br

provided the original work is properly cited.

,

and Henrique Hiroki Yamada5

*Soil Electrochemical and Physical Properties in Coffee Crops in the State of Paraná, Brazil*

Weed management in the interrow area of coffee crop changes delta pH for a Dystroferric Red Latosol very clayey at 0–10 cm depth. Changes in ∆pH affected the

The authors are grateful to the IAPAR and Brazilian Consortium for Coffee Research and Development (CBP&D—Café) for providing financial support for this study. Also, this study was financed in part by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES)—Finance Code 001.

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest anyway including that they are not members of the academic editors in Intech and members of an organization that could benefit financially or materially from the publication of their

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91352*

water-dispersible clay.

**Acknowledgements**

**Conflict of interest**

*Soil Electrochemical and Physical Properties in Coffee Crops in the State of Paraná, Brazil DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91352*

Weed management in the interrow area of coffee crop changes delta pH for a Dystroferric Red Latosol very clayey at 0–10 cm depth. Changes in ∆pH affected the water-dispersible clay.
