Section 2 Coffee Growing

*Coffee - Production and Research*

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**22**

**25**

**Chapter 2**

Crops

**Abstract**

intercropping

**1. Introduction**

Soil Management and Water-Use

Efficiency in Brazilian Coffee

*Bruno Montoani Silva, Geraldo César de Oliveira,* 

*Érika Andressa da Silva, Samara Martins Barbosa,* 

*Laura Beatriz Batista de Melo, Walbert Junior Reis dos Santos,* 

Brazil is a world leader in coffee production. However, currently, it coexists with

recurrent and severe droughts, accompanied by intense heat, strong insolation and low relative humidity. As the cultivation is carried out primarily in the rainy season, these world climate variations have affected crops yields and fruits quality, requiring innovative actions that promote efficient use of water stored in the soil. Among several soil management practices that promote a more rational use of water, deep tillage combined with liming, gypsum and fertilizer amendments lead to an increase in effective depth of coffee roots, therefore reducing water stress. Moreover, intercropping with *Urochloa* sp. is highly efficient in enhancing soil structure, water infiltration and plant available water capacity. Additionally, other

innovative techniques and practices are also introduced in this chapter.

**Keywords:** soil water, soil structure, deep rooting, soil amendments, deep tillage,

Adequate soil physical and hydrological conditions are key conditions for full plant development, which is a premise for coffee quality exportation due to requirements for grain quality and crop uniformity [1]. However, in the main coffee producing region of Brazil, there have been severe droughts. Although soils are mostly deep and able to store a large volume of water, they present small effective depth for the development of the root system, resulting in the edaphic drought, which has brought many losses to coffee farmers. This situation is aggravated in soils of oxide mineralogy and with very small granular structure, which condition the formation

*Milson Evaldo Serafim, Carla Eloize Carducci,* 

*Thiago Henrique Pereira Reis,* 

*César Henrique Caputo de Oliveira* 

*and Paulo Tácito Gontijo Guimarães*

**Chapter 2**
