*6.4.3 Plant microbe interaction*

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) which involves in alleviate the detrimental effect of saline soil by facilitate to satisfy the plants nutrient and water requirement (**Table 3**). AMF increases the nutrient uptake of P, N, Ca, Mg and Zn, maintains the K:Na ratio, accumulate osmolytes like proline, polyamine and antioxidents, physiological changes like increase cell permeability and increase in photosynthetic efficiency finally molecular changes like maintains the activity of transporters like Pht.1 (Phosphorus transpolar) and antiportors of Na<sup>+</sup> /H<sup>+</sup> (**Figure 1**) [27, 32–34].


## **Table 3.**

*Classification of crops based on salinity tolerance.*

**115**

*Soil Salinity and Its Management*

**7. Conclusion**

**Author details**

Muthuraman Yuvaraj1

Prabakaran Elavarasi3

University, Coimbatore, India

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93329*

Salinity is a growing threat mainly by anthropogenic activities like improper utilisation of resources. Secondary salinisation cause major factor which decline the soil fertility and leads to reduction productivity of cultivable lands. Among the various management process leaching considered more economical and efficient method. Mulching which greatly reduces further build-up of soil salinity due to reduction in evapotranspiration. Irrigation water management like monitoring salinity of irrigation water, controlled irrigation and blend with good quality water give an acceptable result on salinity management. Salinity of soil is not static, so proper monitoring and management of saline soil is required to get towards a step of global food security. A sustainable way to remediate a saline soil is still to be achievable. The knowledge regards the saline soil is needed for better work on it.

\*, Kasiviswanathan Subash Chandra Bose2

2 Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural

4 Genetics and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Egypt

© 2020 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

and Eman Tawfik4

1 Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu, India

3 Adhiparasakthi Agricultural College, Vellore, India

\*Address all correspondence to: yuvasoil@gmail.com

provided the original work is properly cited.

,

**Figure 1.** *Physical management practices of salinity management: (a) deep ploughing and (b) mulching.*
