**5.2 Effect on soil fertility**

Soil nutrient availability and uptake affected by higher saline condition. Phosphorus can be affected by fixation of calcium phosphate (Ca-P) due to higher saline condition Ca ion activity is high [17]. N bioavailability and accumulation affected by soil salinity. The 25% of N requirement is fulfilled by N fixation. Soil salinity greatly reduces the N fixing rhizobacterial growth and spread due to lesser photosynthesis cause reduction in photoaccumulates [18]. Also, nitrification reduced by salinity cause increase in NH4 content which facilitates the loss of NH4 by volatilisation. Potassium uptake and assimilation affected by Na/Ca ratio cause reduction in K/Na ratio of the plant [19]. Salinity did not have much negative influence on micronutrient bio availability but solubility of micronutrients is little decreased in some conditions.

### *5.2.1 Nutrient ratios*

More than concentration of the ions ratio of nutrient ions which greatly influence the bio availability and uptake of nutrient ions ratios like Na/Ca, Na/K, Ca/Mg and Cl/NO3 [19].
