Interface of Gene-Diet Disease

**9**

**Chapter 2**

**Abstract**

for mankind near future.

**1. Introduction**

human health, genomic study

Nutrigenomics: An Interface of

Healthy diet and proper nutrition are basic necessity of life and play a key role in preventing diseases. Nutrigenomics (NG) is an emerging approach in nutritional research which deals with the gene-diet interactions. The concept of nutrigenomics is not new and it is commonly associated with "inborn errors of metabolism", the rare genetic (inherited) disorders in which the body cannot properly turn food into energy. These disorders are related to insufficient availability of metabolic enzymes or cofactors due to alteration of gene. Usually cure of these diseases lies in restricted diet. Presently non communicable diseases (NCDs) like cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes and cancers are outnumbering the other health ailments among the different human populations of world. The main reason behind the occurrence of these NCDs is the abruptly changing life style and food habits after industrial revolution. With the advent of industrial revolution and economical concerns, the life style of people across the world has changed so much so that it resulted in approximately millions of death cases due to these NCDs. Study related to NG is one step forward in nutritional research involving the techniques of nutrition, molecular biology, genomics, bioinformatics, molecular medicine and epidemiology together to understand the role of food as an epigenetic factor which unravel its role in the occurrence of these diseases. Hence, under the prevailing scenario of world health, it has become an urgency to boost NG research to find cure for dreaded diseases caused due to lack of healthy food and improper nutrition. Thus, such type of research findings ensures the effective benefit of genomic revolution

**Keywords:** nutrigenomics, non communicable diseases, personalized nutrition,

genome primed for replication. Almost every cell of a multicellular organism contains the same type of genetic material—its genome. Chromosomes, nucleic acid molecules that are the repository of an organism's genetic information, are the largest molecules in a cell and may contain thousands of genes as well as considerable tracts of intergenic DNA. This genome has to be replicated with high fidelity millions of times during development to a fetal and adult stage and millions of times thereafter simply to replenish dead cells and cells lost as a result of exfoliation. Many cofactors and substrates are required for DNA replication and DNA repair. Any error during proof reading of DNA may lead to faulty

Life, as a single-cell embryo, which is literally an envelope of the human diploid

Gene-Diet-Disease Interaction

*Sananda Mondal and Debasish Panda*
