**Acknowledgements**

I am deeply grateful to Prof. Jozef Šimúth and Dr. Katarina Bíliková, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Department of Molecular Apidology, Bratislava, Slovakia, for their help and valuable suggestions, and Professor Emeritus Akira Fujii, Nihon University, Japan, for his suggestion and help in the preparation of this chapter. I would also like express my sincere thanks to my colleagues, especially to my son Mr. Yoshihisa Yamaguchi, and Dr. Kiyoshi Murata, Ms. Michiyo Takahashi, Mr. Masaki Sakai, Mr. Masakuni Shiomi for their endless help.

I demonstrated that the larval growth of honeybees was largely affected by MRJP-1 multimer content. I also proved that the content of MRJP-1 multimer varied predominantly among the soluble RJ proteins by each sample produced under various conditions. The variation of MRJP-1 multimer content is largely affected by the manner of RJ production, such as rotation of bee colonies employed for RJ production, harvesting 48 h after setting queen cells, appropriate storage at low temperature, and so on. The results show that naturally well-controlled bee culture should be promoted for sustainable innovation in modern beekeeping to guarantee high quality levels for RJ and other bee products. Based on these views, the author proposed that the MRJP-1 multimer content in RJ should be used as a new criterion for functional quality evaluation and as a freshness parameter for RJ, in addition to

Based on my experience and practice of beekeeping for more than 54 years, the author has postulated many serious problems in recent beekeeping, which should be resolved for sustainable development of industrial beekeeping in the future. The core problems found in modern beekeeping include beekeeping in inappropriate environments, deterioration of colonies due to overloading of production and excessive selective breeding, reduced disease resistance, inappropriate processing, insufficient attention paid to quality control of apicultural products, and so on. Other serious problems also include the deterioration of bee products due to incorrect treatment and inadequate environments for beekeeping, which leads to pollution of bee products due to beekeepers' lack of attention to quality control and the

In order to resolve these problems, the author proposed that it is essential to recourse to natural organic beekeeping using the natural ability of honey bees, and to make efforts to produce high-quality products by means such as maintenance of appropriate apiary location to prevent pollution through nectar source and water supply, strengthening the activity and ability of honey bees by rotation of beehive

the use of 10-HDA content.

*MRJP-1 Multimer content in queen cells after larval graft.*

*Modern Beekeeping - Bases for Sustainable Production*

added value of bee products.

**146**

**4. Conclusion**

**Figure 19.**

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1956

Summary)

85-89

**149**

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with English Summary)
