**3.4 Emissions characterization - Engine exhaust gas measurements**

A gas analyzer DYNOmite EMS (See Figure 9) was used in this study to measure the emissions from the engine. The real time gas analyzer is used to measure the concentrations of oxygen (O2), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides NOx. The gas emissions from the engine are recorded simultaneously during engine dynamometer testing using the data acquisition system. The torque; RPM; horse power; O2, CO, CO2, HC's and NOx concentrations are measured simultaneously.

Fig. 9. Gas Analyszer and emission probe
