**10. Discussion**

70 Renewable Energy – Trends and Applications

Renewable energy resources (RER) capture their existing flow of energy, from on-going natural processes such as solar, wind, small hydro and biological processes. The two segments are the main component in implementation of distributed generation in the country and can accelerate rural electrification, hence improving accessibility of Tanzanian

Distributed generation could serve as a substitute for investment in transmission and distribution capacity or as a bypass for transmission and distribution costs. Distributed generation could result in cost savings in transmission and distribution of about 30% of electricity cost compared to the cost incurred by TANESCO in electrifying rural areas. Distributed generation can substitute for investments in transmission and distribution capacity. It can be used as an alternative to connecting a customer to the grid in a stand alone application. Furthermore, well selected distributed generation from the resources the

Distributed generation can contribute in the provision of ancillary services. These include services necessary to maintain a sustained and stable operation of the national grid. For instance to stabilize a dropping frequency due to a sudden under capacity such as power

Installing distributed generation schemes will allow the exploitation of cheap fuel resources available in the country. For example in the proximity of landfills resources, distributed generated units could burn landfill gases. Also, biomass resources may be

Increased environmental concern induces an increase interest in distributed generation application worldwide, also in innovations in the appropriate technologies. Nevertheless, the economic as well as technical challenge will be to optimally integrate the distributed generation units in the electricity system available in the country that up to now has been very centralized. The challenges emanating from application of distributed generation in the country is a blessing as more opportunities to engineers and researcher in

to modern energy and spur sustainable development.

country has can contribute in reducing national grid losses.

Fig. 10. Split up of Distributed Energy Sources

envisaged.

plant switching off due to technical problems or excess demand.

A suite of off-grid renewable energy technologies such as solar home systems, biogas cook stove and either mini or small hydropower plants can deliver energy services to rural households most cost effective than national grid, without relying on expensive and polluting fuels. These Renewable Energy Systems are making inroads in some regions worldwide. But assessments on how they perform often neglect local realities.

In conducting the reviews, it has been revealed that cultural attitudes and social expectations can prevent the use of renewable energy technology applications as significantly.
