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the presence of 6% Na2CO3 and 6% Na2SO4. In the enrichment of TiO2 by sulfuric acid leaching, 94.7% Fe, 98.6% Al and 95.9% Si were extracted and left behind a material having 37.8% TiO2. The process flowsheet for reduction, roasting and

Piga et al. [67] used the acid leaching process to dispose the red mud, and they found that the titanium is soluble in sulfuric acid but not in hydrochloric acid. This process increased the recovery of TiO2 content in the residue from 31 to 58%. The solids were then leached with sulfuric acid at 270°C, followed by hydrolysis and roasting. The TiO2 content obtained was 96%. The product can be used directly as TiO2 pigment or chlorinated to form TiCl4. The process flowsheet for TiO2 recovery

The comprehensive utilization of iron-rich bauxite and red mud is still a worldwide problem. At current levels of technology and practice, the capacity of consumption and secondary utilization is seriously insufficient. A large number of ironrich bauxite and red mud have not been used effectively. The industrial stockpiling is not a fundamental way to solve the problems of iron-rich bauxite and red mud. As to the recovery of valuable metals from iron-rich and red mud, there are a lot of technical and cost problems, which cause serious impediments to industrial development. Therefore, we must decrease the recycling process costs and energy consumption, promote the industrialization of valuable metals recovery processes, optimize complex processes and develop new processes. Applying red mud as construction materials like cement, soil ameliorant applications, face the problem of Na, Cr, As leaching into the environment. However, the high-temperature reduction, smelting and alkaline leaching process is a feasible method to recover iron and alumina from iron-rich bauxite and red mud. Due to the simple process, low cost, it is worth promoting its application in the field of iron and steel industry and alumi-

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFB0603800 & 2017YFB0603802) and the International

Scientific and Technological Cooperation and Exchange Projects of China

magnetic separation process of red mud is shown in Figure 11.

from red mud is shown in Figure 12.

Aluminium Alloys and Composites

5. Conclusions

num industry.

Acknowledgements

(No. 2013DFG50640).

26

Yingyi Zhang1,2\*, Yuanhong Qi3 and Jiaxin Li<sup>1</sup>

1 School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan, Anhui Province, PR China

2 College of Material Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, PR China

3 State Key Laboratory of Advance Steel Processes and Products, Central Iron and Steel Research Institute, Beijing, PR China

\*Address all correspondence to: zhangyingyi@cqu.edu.cn

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
