Meet the editor

Professor Reem Hamdy A. Mohammed graduated from the School of Medicine, Cairo University, where he serves as a Professor of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology. She is a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, an international fellow of the American College of Rheumatology, and a certified international professional trainer (CIPT) at the Faculty Leadership Development Center, Cairo University–Management

Development Institute, Missouri State University, where she teaches "Establishment of the Evidence-Based Strategy in Medical Research and Practice." Dr. Mohammed is a verified editor and reviewer for a number of reputable international medical journals. She is the author and co-author of a number of books and an international speaker in the fields of rheumatology and immunology.

Contents

**Section 1**

**Section 2**

Arthritis

**Section 3**

Arthritis

Facts and Strategies *by Reem H.A. Mohammed*

Physiopathology

**Preface XI**

Introduction **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

Pathophysiologic Challenges in Rheumatoid Arthritis **15**

**Chapter 2 17**

**Chapter 3 43**

Clinical Challenges in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients **65**

**Chapter 4 67**

**Chapter 5 83**

Introductory Chapter: Rheumatoid Arthritis - Overview of Current

The Role of Estrogens in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Vascular Involvement in Rheumatoid Arthritis *by Alexandru Caraba, Stela Iurciuc and Mircea Iurciuc*

Myopenia and Musculoskeletal Aging in Rheumatoid

*by Kathryn Biddle and Nidhi Sofat*

*by Dan Xu, Jiake Xu and Lei Dai*

*by Maria Fernanda Romo-García, Martín Zapata-Zuñiga, José Antonio Enciso-Moreno and Julio Enrique Castañeda-Delgado*

Understanding the Mechanisms of Pain in Rheumatoid

## Contents



Preface

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic, inflammatory autoimmune disease that typically targets the synovial joints, with a spectrum of extra-articular manifestations. The disease is the most common form of inflammatory arthritis and contributes to considerable disability, morbidity, and mortality. The last two decades experienced an unprecedented leap in the management paradigm of rheumatoid arthritis from treat to relieve, to treat, to target and beyond.

This book examines the disease process of rheumatoid arthritis including information on immune-pathogenic theories, classification criteria, available composite measures of disease assessment, and latest available therapeutic approaches. It also discusses various clinically relevant disease-related problems and comorbidities such as vascular involvement and myopenia. The volume additionally examines the potential benefit of hormones in disease amelioration with a focus on the effect of pregnancy hormones and lactation on the inflammatory process in rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, the book provides updates on pharmaceuticals and patient self-management for

*Rheumatoid Arthritis - Other Perspectives towards Better Practice* sheds light on different disease-related perspectives that we believe can provide a better understanding of disease-related pathologies and support to improve long-term

**Reem Hamdy A. Mohammed MD, PhD, FACR, FRCP**

Professor of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation,

Kasr Alaini School of Medicine,

Professor,

Egypt

Cairo University,

patient care and minimize related comorbidities.

better outcomes.
