**Acknowledgements**

The authors acknowledge the contribution and supports of the Bangladesh Forest Department, Arannayk Foundation, and University of Chittagong during the studies.

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**Author details**

Md Akhter Hossain1

Chittagong, Bangladesh

and Mohammed Kamal Hossain1

provided the original work is properly cited.

\*, Rajib Mahmud<sup>2</sup>

\*Address all correspondence to: akhter.hossain@cu.ac.bd

*Wild Fodder Yielding Plants in the Protected Areas of Bangladesh*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85205*

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

1 Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences Chittagong University,

2 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Dhaka, Bangladesh

, Nikhil Chakma2

*Wild Fodder Yielding Plants in the Protected Areas of Bangladesh DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85205*

*Wildlife Population Monitoring*

**9. Conclusion**

**Acknowledgements**

studies.

langur, etc.) fruit-bearing plant species should be conducted in the gap spaces of the forests. Activities that were identified by the IUCN and different conservation organizations which contribute to forest and species conservation, i.e., area-based protection, area-based management, species-centered management, education and awareness, improved law and policy, livelihoods and incentives, and capacity building, may be considered for conservation of forest resources in all protected areas. Permanent sample plots of adequate size (0.5–1.0 ha) may be established in representative vegetation types of each wildlife habitat to facilitate long-term ecological and biodiversity assessment which may help monitor the success of restoration and conservation of the fodder yielding plants. Community patrolling should be strengthened to reduce illicit felling as well as raise awareness among local people regarding nature conservation. Digging furrow in suitable locations across the forest may be helpful for controlling

fire infestation and litter extraction by local people using small vehicles.

conservation measures are not taken immediately.

Fragmentation and degradation of wildlife habitat quality resulted in reduction of the diversity and population of fodder yielding plants. It is a worldwide trend in which the policy makers and scientists are concerned about. However, Bangladesh having a substantial area declared as protected areas is trying to conserve and restore the wildlife habitat quality. Still now, the protected areas of the country are still harboring a good number of fodder yielding plants from all habit forms. However, many of the fodder species are having very poor density which may reduce further and get extinct if appropriate species-specific multiplication and

The authors acknowledge the contribution and supports of the Bangladesh Forest Department, Arannayk Foundation, and University of Chittagong during the

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