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## Meet the editor

Dr. Başak Kiliç Taşeli is a professor in the Environmental Engineering Department at Giresun University, Turkey. She is an expert with 27 years of experience in environmental management, waste prevention, renewable energies, and zero waste. She is an environmental engineer and completed her MSc in soil pollution due to thermal power plants and her PhD in environmental sciences-biodegradation of toxic organic compounds at Middle East

Technical University. She teaches graduate-level sustainability courses concerning environment, energy and sustainability; biofuels; biomass conversion systems; biogas production and usage; and sustainable operation of treatment plants. She also teaches undergraduate-level courses covering topics such as water supply; wastewater disposal; environmental and engineering ethics; environmental ecology; sludge treatment; unit operations; and industrial wastewater treatment. She has more than 25 years of experience working in national/international environmental projects on water quality monitoring and conservation of specially protected areas, design and operation of wastewater treatment plants, environmental impact assessment, management plans, carrying capacity, and Turkish Grand National Assembly Research and Investigation Commission Reports on various environmental pollution issues. Dr. Taşeli has excellent knowledge of zero waste, ecological sanitation, and greenhouse gas emissions calculations. Additionally, she has strong knowledge of climate change–greenhouse gas emissions relationships, horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland's greenhouse gas emission calculations, and wastewater treatment plant's sustainability and their effect on climate change, as well as strong knowledge of international environmental standards (ISO 14001, EMAS). Finally, she has 10 years of experience working in EU-funded Erasmus + projects as promoter and partner.

Contents

**Section 1**

A BACOM Project Case

*and Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi*

*by Rodrigo de Freitas Bueno*

Management Options *by Başak Kiliç Taşeli*

*by Jarosław Górecki*

**Section 2**

*by B.P. Naveen and P.V. Sivapullaiah*

*by Marko Likon and Marjan Zemljič*

**Preface XI**

Sustainable Sewage Sludge Management **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 23**

**Chapter 3 51**

**Chapter 4 65**

**Chapter 5 89**

Green Economy **99**

**Chapter 6 101**

**Chapter 7 123**

Circular Economy and Green Public Procurement in the European Union

Impact of Zero Energy Building: Sustainability Perspective *by Wesam Salah Alaloul and Muhammad Ali Musarat*

Does Sustainable Management of Biodegradable Sludge Exist at All?

*by Sridhar Pilli, Ashutosh Kumar Pandey, Ankur Katiyar, Kritika Pandey* 

Solid Waste Management: Current Scenario and Challenges in Bengaluru

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Sewage Sludge (Biosolid)

Pre-treatment Technologies to Enhance Anaerobic Digestion

Composition, Production, and Treatment of Sewage Sludge

## Contents


Preface

During the last 50 years, the world has witnessed strong economic growth and fast urbanization rates, which have lifted millions of people out of poverty. However, this development has been coupled with increasing use of resources and environmental degradation. It is obvious that the increased use of resources is strongly coupled to environmental impacts. Partly this is because of the linear way resources are used. The process leads to environmental impacts all the way and ends with different kinds of waste. Creating decent living conditions for all people while decoupling economic growth from the increasing use of virgin resources and environmental impacts is the major challenge of this millennium. This is also the essence of the United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. There are many approaches suggested for solving these problems. One is to change consumption behavior from material products to services. Another option is to find technological solutions to create more closed loops for materials and use fewer virgin resources

Wastewater treatment plants are aimed at decreasing the environmental impacts of discharging untreated wastewater into receiving bodies. Considering the need for long-term ecological sustainability, the objectives of wastewater treatment systems need to include energy and resource savings and waste reduction. Sewage sludge management is a management system that makes sludge recovery a central component of a wastewater treatment plant that strives to integrate it with improving

Sludge formation during wastewater treatment is inevitable even with proper management and treatment. However, proper treatment and disposal of sludge is still difficult in terms of cost, the presence of new pollutants, health problems, and public acceptance. Conventional disposal methods (e.g., storage, incineration) have raised concerns about legislative constraints and community perception that encourage the assessment of substitute sludge-management options. Sludge management requires a systematic solution combining environmental effectiveness, social acceptability, and economic affordability. Increased production of sludge (biosolids) worldwide is due to population growth, urban planning, and industrial developments. The sludge needs to be properly treated and environmentally managed to reduce the negative effects of its application or

The first aim of this book is to investigate the application of biosolids or sewage sludge, together with possible resources for sustainable development. The second aim is to view resource efficiency from a more complex perspective looking at several resources and the causal links between them in order to point out new pathways towards a more sustainable use of resources. The book consists seven

and energy obtained from clean renewable sources.

overall sustainability of the plant.

disposal.
