**Composite Density (g/cm**<sup>3</sup> **) Elongation (%) Tensile strength (MPa) Young's modulus (GPa)** ABS + 30% glass fibre — 2.0 60.0 9.0 Acetal copolymer + 30% glass fibre — 3.0 110.0 9.5 Epoxy + 40–60% carbon fibre 1.15–2.25 0.4–11.0 4.6–3220.0 2.6–520.0 Epoxy + 45% flax yarn-aligned — — 133.0 28.0 Epoxy + 40% glass fibre —— — — Epoxy + 52% jute fibre — — 216.0 31.0 Epoxy + 52% kevlar fibre — — 434.0 28.2 PEEK + 62% carbon fibre 1.60 — 750.0 50.0 PEEK + kevlar fibre 1.31–1.50 1.0–6.0 75.0–193.0 4.0–20.7 Nylon 66 + 25–30% carbon fibre 1.20–1.57 0.90–4.0 193.0–261.0 16.0–33.1 Nylon 6 + 40% glass fibre 1.45 2.0–3.0 235.0 12.9 Nylon + kevlar fibre 1.16 4.0 110.0 9.0 PLA + 30% abaca fibre — — 74.0 8.0 PLA + 20% bamboo fibre — — 90.0 1.8 PLA + 30% flax fibre — — 53.0–100.0 8.0 PF + E glass fibre 1.5–1.65 — 85.0–330.0 5.0–17.0 Polycarbonate + 5–40% carbon fibre 1.15–1.43 0.9–118.0 46.0–186.0 2.1–25.5 Polycarbonate + 30–40% glass fibre 1.44–1.52 4.0 107.0–159.0 10.0–11.6 Polycarbonate-ABS + 30% glass fibre 1.29 — 82.7 — Polyimide + 20–30% carbon fibre 1.38–1.68 0.8–5.5 36.5–241.0 4.5–29.0 Polyimide + glass fibre — 2.0 150.0 12.0 PP + 30% carbon fibre 1.07 1.0 117.0 16.2 PP + 30% cotton fibre — — 58.5 4.1 PP + 20% glass-chopped strand mat — — 77.0 5.4 PP + 20% glass fibre 1.03 3.0–4.0 100.0 4.3 PP + 40% glass fibre 1.22 2.0 127.0 7.6 PP-MAgPP + 40% hemp fibre — — 52.0 4.0 UPE + 35% jute fibre — — 50.0 8.0 UPE + 47% glass fibre — — 201.0 13.0 Vinylester + carbon fibre 1.50–1.65 1.4 900.0–1200.0 136.0 Vinylester + 24% flax fibre — — 248.0 24.0 Vinylester + 59% glass fibre — — 483.0 33.0

## *Composite and Nanocomposite Materials - From Knowledge to Industrial Applications*

considered one of the major factors in order to obtain superior fibre reinforcement polymer composite properties. Typical properties of several polymer composites are

The growth of the composites market can be attributed to increased uses in the aerospace, defence, and transportation applications. The global composite materials market is expected to reach an estimated \$40.2 billion by 2024, and it is forecasted to grow at a CAGR of 3.3% from 2019 to 2024. The global composite product market

The most widely used form of fibre-reinforced polymer is a laminar structure, made by stacking and bonding thin layers of fibre and polymer until the desired thickness is obtained. By changing the fibre orientation among layers in the laminate structures, a specified level of anisotropy in composite properties can be achieved. Composites offer many benefits such as corrosion resistance, light weight, strength, lower material costs, improved productivity, design flexibility, and durability. Therefore, the wide range of industries uses composite materials and some of

The major original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) such as Airbus and Boeing have shown the potential of using composite materials for large-scale applications in aviation. NASA is continually looking to composite manufacturers for innovative approaches and space solutions for rockets and other spacecrafts. Composites with thermoset are being specified for bulkheads, fuselages, wings, and other applications in commercial, civilian, and military aerospace applications. There are several other applications of composites in the areas such as air-foil surfaces, antenna structures, compressor blades, engine bay doors, fan blades, flywheels, helicopter transmission structures, jet engines, radar, rocket engines, solar reflectors, satellite structures, turbine blades, turbine shafts, rotor shafts in helicopters, wing box

Composite materials offer flexibility in design and processing; therefore composite materials can be used as alternatives for metal alloys in appliances. Unlike most other industries, trends within the appliance segment move quite quickly. In addition, design and function are subject to both technology advancements and changing consumer taste. Composite materials are being used in appliance and business equipment such as equipment panels, frames, handles and trims in appliances, power tools, and many other applications. Composites are being utilised for the appliance industry in dishwashers, dryers, freezers, ovens, ranges, refrigerators, and washers. The components in the equipment that were utilised composites include consoles, control panels, handles, kick plates, knobs, motor housings, shelf

With their aesthetic qualities, functionality, and versatility, the composite materials are becoming the material of choice for architectural applications.

brackets, side trims, vent trims, and many others [3, 73].

is expected to reach an estimated \$114.7 billion by 2024 [72].

presented in **Table 8** [57–71].

*Introduction to Composite Materials*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91285*

**5. Composite applications**

their common applications [3, 15].

structures, etc. [3, 15, 26, 37]

**5.2 Appliance/business**

**5.3 Architecture**

**21**

**5.1 Aerospace**
