**9.2 Clinical signs**

Observed clinical signs in pigs are anorexia, hyperexcitation, constipation, twitching of the head, and foaming [79]. Jiang et al. (2008) described clinical signs of rabies in pigs, the furious form was seen in almost all infected pigs, and it included hyperexcitation, roaring, and attacks on other pigs. In India, clinical signs in rabid pigs were aggressiveness, inability to stand with violent grunting, paralysis, lateral recumbency, convulsions, rapid chewing, head twitching, hyperexcitation, and profuse salivation, change in vocalization. Out of 25 pigs, mortality was 12% [5]. In the USA, rabies clinical signs that appeared in pigs were fever, restlessness, salivation, aggression, anorexia, head rubbing, depression, vocalization, and progressive paralysis (DuVernoy et al., 2008). In Brazil, two pig rabies cases were reported: one with flaccid paralysis of the pelvic limbs; the other showed nervous signs, anorexia, and paresis, then pelvic limbs and tail paralysis. Generally, observed clinical signs were exclusive of the paralytic form [31].

### **9.3 Rabies transmission in pigs**

Like other species, the transmission of rabies in pigs is mainly through dog bites and wild animals, especially in Latin America. In Brazil, Pessoa et al. (2011) reported the occurrence of bat-originated pig rabies. In the USA, DuVernoy et al. (2008) reported pig rabies caused by wild animals. In China, the first report for rabies cases in pigs was associated with dog bite [7]. In China during 2011, an outbreak of pig rabies was reported to be dog originated [76]. Tasiame et al. (2016) described an outbreak of dog-originated pig rabies in Ghana.
