*The Early Development of the Vaccinia–Rabies Recombinant Vaccine Raboral® DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97344*

have been achieved in several areas of Eastern USA and Canada (**Table 1**) where active vaccination campaigns are ongoing (http://www.raboral.com/about-rabies/ raboral-v-rg). Over 250 million doses of Raboral® have been distributed worldwide [19]. Although highly successful in Europe [18], campaigns in the USA and Canada are constrained because of rabies re-emergence through long-distance movements of carrier species such as arctic foxes [19].


*\*In many cases Raboral® was used in conjunction with conventional attenuated viruses, although Raboral® is the only vaccine licensed for use in the USA (http://www.raboral.com/about-rabies/raboral-v-rg). Data: key reviews are by Freuling et al. [18] and Maki et al. [19].*

#### **Table 1.**

*Wildlife Vaccination Campaigns Using Raboral®\*.*
