**2.2 Results and discussion**

The analytical results of RDI (Respiratory disturbance index, Pro-AHI; Provisional Apnea Hypopnea Index) by the conventional F-SAS sensor and ODI3% (oxygen desaturation index: *3*%) of PLSX [5] are shown in **Figure 17**.

installation of the system in the pediatric ward. A correlation coefficient of 0.76 was

*Correlation between AHI of SAS2100 of the Yamanashi University Hospital (subjects: 11 children of age*

Under the assistance of the "Beautiful Fukushima Next-Generation Medical Industry Agglomeration Project," in Japan, we have succeeded in downsizing the F-SAS sensor as shown in **Figure 12** and have recognized that it highly correlates with polysomnography (PSG) and pulse oximetry (PLSX). The F-SAS sensor is promising for screening latent SAS patients (Sleep Apnea Syndrome patients)

obtained for 11 infantile subjects (**Figure 11**).

*210 y) as a reference and RDI of F-SAS sensor [11].*

*Clinical test of multichannel system of F-SAS sensor in pediatrics.*

*Sino-Nasal and Olfactory System Disorders*

**2. Downsizing the F-SAS sensor**

during usual sleep.

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**Figure 11.**

**Figure 10.**

**Figure 15.**

**Figure 16.**

**Figure 17.**

**145**

*(after improvement).*

*(before improvement).*

*Optical Fiber-Based Sleep Apnea Syndrome Sensor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91060*

*Compact F-SAS sensor system (175 100 45 mm, 390 g, voltaic drive during electric outage)*

*Compact F-SAS sensor system (175 100 45 mm, 390 g, voltaic drive during electric outage)*

*Correlation between conventional F-SAS sensor's pro-AHI and ODI3% of PLSX.*

**Figure 13.** *A measured example by conventional F-SAS sensor.*

**Figure 14.** *F-SAS sensor for used.*

*Optical Fiber-Based Sleep Apnea Syndrome Sensor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91060*

#### **Figure 15.**

**Figure 13.**

**Figure 14.** *F-SAS sensor for used.*

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*A measured example by conventional F-SAS sensor.*

*Sino-Nasal and Olfactory System Disorders*

*Compact F-SAS sensor system (175 100 45 mm, 390 g, voltaic drive during electric outage) (before improvement).*

#### **Figure 16.**

*Compact F-SAS sensor system (175 100 45 mm, 390 g, voltaic drive during electric outage) (after improvement).*

**Figure 17.** *Correlation between conventional F-SAS sensor's pro-AHI and ODI3% of PLSX.*

Thirty-eight of the 42 examinees show Pro-AHI > 5 and were suspected of SAS. The coincident measurement of ODI3% and Pro-AHI shows significant correlation (r = 0.79, p < 0.01). Seventeen examinees with Pro-AHI were over 10 and were eventually given SAS outpatient consultation. Four of them received a complete checkup by PSG and were given CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy. Next, a comparison of the analytical data of RDI (Pro-AHI) by the compact F-SAS sensor system and the coincident measurement of ODI3% by PULSOX are shown in **Figure 18**. Out of 76 examinees, 56 were Pro-AHI > 5 and were suspected of SAS. The coincident measurement of PULSOX, Pro-AHI, and ODI3% shows good correlation (r = 0.796, p < 0.01). The 32 examinees were consulted during SAS outpatient screening. In this manner, both the conventional type and the compact

type F-SAS sensors are very useful for SAS screening during a complete medical

The compact F-SAS sensor is made portable by it having only 15.3% of the volume of a conventional F-SAS sensor, as is shown in **Figure 20**. Under the approval of the Ethics Committee at the Dept. of Pediatrics at the University of Yamanashi, the subject wore a portable sleep apnea syndrome examination apparatus (SAS 2100) while a plastic optical fiber sheet was placed under the subject's bed. The subject's apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) was measured by the SAS 2100 and the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was measured with new analysis software

Further, this type of F-SAS sensor and Alice PDX of Philips-Respironics GK, a PSG device used to inspect sleep for OSAS diagnosis, were used for measurement. **Figure 21** below shows a diagram of the F-SAS sensor and PSG (Alice PDX).

Their correlation value was then obtained. The new analysis software was made up of a new algorithm that is difficult to use when the number of body movements per hour exceeds a certain number, and it analyzes the RDI by checking both the gasping judgment and weakness judgment against the data from a seriously ill patient. In this study, we improved the algorithm for severe markers in children (2–12 years old) and aimed to expand the application area to the compact F-SAS sensor. We compared severe markers obtained with the compact F-SAS sensor and existing simple polysomnography (PSG) (SAS 2100 manufactured by Nihon Kohden). In this study, 27 data collected by the compact F-SAS sensor were analyzed by using the new analysis software, which were a severe marker caused by RDI, severe markers with periodic distribution, severe markers due to gasping respiratory

*Comparison of compact F-SAS sensor and conventional one (left) and SAS 2100 (right).*

SAS sensor, as shown in **Figure 19** (r = 0.83).

*Optical Fiber-Based Sleep Apnea Syndrome Sensor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91060*

developed for the compact F-SAS sensor.

**3. Application to children**

Finally, we demonstrate the results of simultaneous measurement with the portable F-SAS sensor and PSG (Alice5). Healthy subjects and SAS patients diagnosed by full PSG were included as examinees. There is a significant correlation between AHI by PSG, the gold standard for diagnosis of SAS, and Pro-AHI by the compact F-

checkup.

**3.1 Results**

**Figure 20.**

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**Figure 18.** *Correlation between the portable F-SAS sensor's pro-AHI and ODI3% of PULSOX.*

**Figure 19.** *Correlation between the portable F-SAS sensor's pro-AHI and AHI of PSG.*

*Optical Fiber-Based Sleep Apnea Syndrome Sensor DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91060*

type F-SAS sensors are very useful for SAS screening during a complete medical checkup.

Finally, we demonstrate the results of simultaneous measurement with the portable F-SAS sensor and PSG (Alice5). Healthy subjects and SAS patients diagnosed by full PSG were included as examinees. There is a significant correlation between AHI by PSG, the gold standard for diagnosis of SAS, and Pro-AHI by the compact F-SAS sensor, as shown in **Figure 19** (r = 0.83).
