**3.1 Result of signal source estimation of control state mode with no smelling and no putting the hands in the MEG experiments**

**Figure 1** shows the result of real-time MEG wave forms in the brain measured at a control state.

**Figure 1a** shows MEG response waves of all 122ch in the whole head regions with no smelling and no putting the hands together. The figure shows all MEG

#### **Figure 1.**

*An example of real-time active state at a control in our brain. (a) Over view of 122ch MEG wave forms on the whole head at a control state. (b) Contour map of equivalent magnetic fields on the head at a control state.*

*Smelling "Zuko": Incense Rubbing into the Hands and Smelling the Hands Activates… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88987*

waves from overview. The red vertical line shows the starting time. We can find no remarkable wave peaks in over all around the brain regions.

**Figure 1b** shows the contour mapping of real-time MEG response at a control state. We could not almost obtain a constricted dipole completely, and then we could not find out the active brain area generally in this control state.

From this result of a control state with no smelling and no putting hands together, we can find no remarkable wave peaks in all around brain regions and no active brain areas in this control state.

*3.1.1 The result of the previous MEG and MRI experiment for one subject N1 to smelling "Zuko" incense into the hand and putting the hands together*

Only one in the previous 11 subjects was classified in neither the A- nor B-group, and this only one subject (N1) was used by "Zuko" incense into the hand-coating smell method [23]. He had the left priority brain type. His estimated current dipole in his brain was drawn in MRI map coordinates. The X-axis is the horizontal line of the right to left ear, the Y-axis is the line from nasion to inion, and the Z-axis is the upper to lower line of the vertical line of the brain. In this case, we found a vector at the right OFC in the brain.

In our system, MEG data were superimposed to the MRI system on the head data which was obtained from the same subject, and the estimated source was drawn into the brain of MRI imaging as a vector (showed as green vector in MRI **Figure 2b**) of the estimated current dipole(ECD) [34, 35].

**Figure 2a** shows a vector of single current dipole estimated in the brain using a 3-D model.

**Figure 2b** shows MRI images and an estimated dipole (red line) in the brain mapping,

In four panels in **Figure 2b**, the upper left panel shows the plane imaging in the coronal plane section, the upper right panel shows the plane imaging in the sagittal plane section, the left lower panel shows the plane imaging in the horizontal plane section, and the right lower panel shows the mapping method by 3-D axis in the brain in the MRI imaging system.

The red line shows a vector of single current dipole estimated in the brain by MRI imaging.

*3.1.1.1 P300m mode of MEG response for an "auditory oddball paradigm"*

**P300m MEG peak of the cognitive response for a rare auditory stimulation without smelling.** In this experimental task on an "auditory oddball paradigm," a subject concentrates his attention to the rare auditory pulse stimulation which was given without smelling. The subject must push he optic fiber button quickly when he caught the rare auditory tone. In this "auditory oddball paradigm," two kinds of auditory pulse stimuli were used (1ch, rare stimulation, 1 kHz tone burst, 2ch, frequent stimulation, 2 kHz tone burst). Two auditory pulse stimuli were given to the subject in the duration of 300 millisecond pulse tone burst at random intervals which were controlled at the rates of 1:3 for rare stimuli (1 kHz tone): frequent stimuli (2 kHz tone). We obtained P300 peak response of the subject's type as an individual variation for the priority of brain laterality regarding for "auditory oddball paradigm" without smelling.

**Figure 3** shows an example of P300m MEG response to an "auditory oddball paradigm" for subject B2 without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands. The active area in the brain was obtained with the single current dipole tracing method for this MEG experimental condition. We analyzed the estimated active areas

MEG experiment, when the subject smelled "Zuko" incense with putting both hands, he/she pushed the optical sensor button by his/her thumb with holding the optical fiber among both hands, and also we have examined to compare how the brain activity is different for the habit and no habit behavior of

5.This cognitive testing mode is "auditory oddball paradigm" with smelling

During this cognitive testing mode using "auditory oddball paradigm" with

**3.1 Result of signal source estimation of control state mode with no smelling**

**Figure 1** shows the result of real-time MEG wave forms in the brain measured at

**Figure 1a** shows MEG response waves of all 122ch in the whole head regions with no smelling and no putting the hands together. The figure shows all MEG

*An example of real-time active state at a control in our brain. (a) Over view of 122ch MEG wave forms on the whole head at a control state. (b) Contour map of equivalent magnetic fields on the head at a control state.*

"Zuko" incense rubbing into the hands, the subject smelled "Zuko" incense into one hand and held the optical sensor by another hand and pushed the button with the right thumb quickly when he/she caught a rare tone. The averaged MEG response was measured by adding the raw MEG data collected about 100 times by pushing the optical sensor button. By using the above mode, we tried to measure the subject's cognitive ability on the peak of the so-called P300m of cognitive MEG response at the state of smelling "Zuko" incense into the hand and own singular characteristic active area for the cognition with smelling "Zuko" incense, and we have examined to compare how the brain activity is different for the habit and no

putting the hand together in daily life.

*Sino-Nasal and Olfactory System Disorders*

"Zuko" incense rubbing into the hands.

habit behavior of putting the hand together in daily life.

**and no putting the hands in the MEG experiments**

smelling.

**3. Results**

a control state.

**Figure 1.**

**178**

continuously using a real-time estimation method. **Figure 3a** shows an example of P300m of MEG wave (black wave line) response to "auditory oddball paradigm" for subject B2 without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands. **Figure 3b** shows a vector of single current dipole estimated in the brain using 3-D coordinates. In this case, we obtained that active area was at the right anterior temporal area in the brain when he recognized a rare tone at the "auditory oddball paradigm" without

*An example of P300m MEG response for an "auditory oddball paradigm" in subject B2. (a) An example of P300m MEG wave (black wave line) in subject B2. (b) A vector of single current dipole (red line) estimated in*

*Smelling "Zuko": Incense Rubbing into the Hands and Smelling the Hands Activates…*

**Figure 3a** shows that the value of the maximum peak height of P300m was 26.4 fT/cm and the size of the peak area was S = 14.3 (fT/cm)<sup>2</sup> as the latency time of

*An example of P300m MEG response for an "auditory oddball paradigm" in subject B1. (a) An example of P300m MEG wave (black wave line) in subject B1. (b) A vector of single current dipole (red line) estimated in*

**Figure 4** shows another male example of P300m MEG response to an "auditory oddball paradigm" for subject B1 without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands.

smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88987*

P300m at T = 344.2 ms.

*the brain using a 3-D coordinates.*

**Figure 3.**

**Figure 4.**

**181**

*the brain using a 3-D coordinates.*

#### **Figure 2.**

*Orbitofrontal area estimated by coating "Zuko" incense and putting the hands together in only one subject N1 in 11 subjects. (a) A vector of single current dipole (red line) estimated in the brain using a 3-D coordinates in subject N1. (b) MRI imagings and an estimated dipole (red line) in each fault brain images.*

*Smelling "Zuko": Incense Rubbing into the Hands and Smelling the Hands Activates… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88987*

**Figure 3.**

*An example of P300m MEG response for an "auditory oddball paradigm" in subject B2. (a) An example of P300m MEG wave (black wave line) in subject B2. (b) A vector of single current dipole (red line) estimated in the brain using a 3-D coordinates.*

continuously using a real-time estimation method. **Figure 3a** shows an example of P300m of MEG wave (black wave line) response to "auditory oddball paradigm" for subject B2 without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands. **Figure 3b** shows a vector of single current dipole estimated in the brain using 3-D coordinates. In this case, we obtained that active area was at the right anterior temporal area in the brain when he recognized a rare tone at the "auditory oddball paradigm" without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands.

**Figure 3a** shows that the value of the maximum peak height of P300m was 26.4 fT/cm and the size of the peak area was S = 14.3 (fT/cm)<sup>2</sup> as the latency time of P300m at T = 344.2 ms.

**Figure 4** shows another male example of P300m MEG response to an "auditory oddball paradigm" for subject B1 without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands.

**Figure 4.**

*An example of P300m MEG response for an "auditory oddball paradigm" in subject B1. (a) An example of P300m MEG wave (black wave line) in subject B1. (b) A vector of single current dipole (red line) estimated in the brain using a 3-D coordinates.*

**Figure 2.**

*Sino-Nasal and Olfactory System Disorders*

**180**

*Orbitofrontal area estimated by coating "Zuko" incense and putting the hands together in only one subject N1 in 11 subjects. (a) A vector of single current dipole (red line) estimated in the brain using a 3-D coordinates in*

*subject N1. (b) MRI imagings and an estimated dipole (red line) in each fault brain images.*

In this case, this male subject B1 had the characteristic no habit of putting the hands in daily life. **Figure 4a** shows an example of P300m of MEG wave (black wave line) response to "auditory oddball paradigm" for subject B1 without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands. **Figure 4b** a vector of single current dipole estimated in the brain using 3-D coordinates. In this case, we obtained that active area was right anterior temporal area in the brain when he recognized a rare tone at the "auditory oddball paradigm" without smelling "Zuko" incense into the hands.

**Figure 4a** shows that a value of the maximum cognitive peak height of P300m was 11.8 fT/cm and a size of the peak area was S = 7.5 (fT/cm)<sup>2</sup> as the latency time of P300m at T = 364.2 ms. **Figure 4b** shows that a vector of single current dipole was estimated in the right superior temporal cortex of brain.
