**2. Materials and methods**

50 Management of Organic Waste

developmental stages (oocysts, eggs, larvae). Through faeces of infected dogs and cats the germs of parasitozoonoses spread into the environment. It is especially the case of cysts of intestinal parasitic protozoa – *Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Balantidium coli, Toxoplasma gondii*, the eggs of tapeworms *Dipylidium* sp., *Echinococcus* sp. and parasitic nematodes (Antolová et al., 2004; Matsuo and Nakashio, 2005; Miterpáková et al., 2006). Regarding public health helminthozoonoses caused by *Toxocara* sp. (in dogs) and *Ascaris* sp. (in pigs) are very significant, especially due to their zoonotic character connected with the

Humans became infected usually orally *(per os)* by ingestion of substrates (soil, vegetables, etc.) with embryonated *Toxocara* eggs*.* Many symptoms are associated with this infection, including changes in blood cell counts and affection of various organs, as the ascaris larvae can migrate throughout the body. The symptoms of infection are often non-specific and may be mistaken with those of other infectious agents (common viral diseases, diarrhoea) or we may not observe any clinical signs. Toxocariasis manifests itself in two distinct forms: visceral, *larva migrans visceralis,* and ocular, *larva migrans ocularis* (Despommier, 2003).

*A. suum* infects pigs and is of major economical significance due to production losses linked to reduced feed conversion efficiency and losses to the mean industry associated with the condemnation of "milk-spot" livers (Dubinský et al., 2000). *Ascaris* infects over a quarter of the world´s human population (1.47 billion people worldwide) and clinically affects ~335

The above-mentioned helminthozoonoses are classified among epidemiologically "low-risk" parasitozoonoses, because the propagative stages develop in the outdoor environment into the infectious stage and potentially secondarily contaminate the food chain. Therefore, a direct contact with infected animal, but also contaminated environment, or contaminated

Attention has receantly been paid also to the problem of hygienical hazards in terms of the treatment and use of animal excrements and their application to soil as valuable nutrients for cultivated plants. The hazards are mainly connected with the quantity of continually produced solid and liquid wastes. The results is ecological disbalance, mainly with respect to environmental load with pathogenic microorgamism and nitrous organic substances. Animal organic wastes are also sources of greate amounts of gases releases. The most dangerous of them are ammonia and methane. Ammonia released into the atmosphere is irritating and toxic to the biotic component of the environment. On the other hand, animal excrements can supply essential plant nutrients and improve the fertility of soil by adding

Therefore, to prevent health risks (for human as well as for animals) and odour nuisance from animal wastes, different methods for a satisfactory utilisation and sanitation have been researched (Schwartzbrod et al., 1989, Tofant et al., 1999; Juriš et al., 2000; Sasáková et al., 2005; Papajová and Juriš, 2009). There are big variations in the treatment of animal wastes

For the above-mentioned reasons our studies concentrated on anaerobic stabilization of liquid (slurry) and solid (manure, excrements) animal waste. The aims of our study were to

food chain (water, vegetables) are considered as a potential risk factor.

(aerobic and anaerobic stabilization, composting etc.).

syndrome *larva migrans*.

million people (Crompton, 1999).

organic matter.
