Contents



Preface

Telecommunication is the act of transmitting information at a considerable distance with the aid of transmission media. Typical telecommunication equipment comprises a set of well-assembled hardware with embedded software to facilitate reliable and efficient communications. For compatibility purposes, telecommunication equipment performance and design should conform to international standards. Globally, telecommunications have been contributing immensely to economic growth on an unprecedented scale. However, with the ever-increasing deployment of innovative wireless technologies and exponential traffic growth, communication systems have been subjected to significant pressures. To address the challenges, modern telecommunication systems have evolved from being economical and efficient homogeneous systems to converged heterogeneous networks, capable of supporting reliable and quality voice, data, video and other information transmission services. This can be attributed to the advancements in microelectronics and cloud computing-based technologies as well as other fields of telecommunication

This book is grouped into four parts: "Telecommunication Protocol, Optimization, and Security Frameworks"; "Next-Generation Optical Access Technologies"; "Convergence of Wireless-Optical Networks"; "Advanced Relay and Antenna

Part I presents telecommunication protocol, optimization, and security frameworks. It is noteworthy that there are a number of well-defined protocols in telecommunication systems. These protocols help in achieving efficient communication through collections of distinct rules and regulations. Since telecommunication systems entail several areas, multiple protocols can be employed in different communication fields to accomplish a specified goal. A number of the field-related protocols, such as cellular communication protocols, public switched telephone network communication protocols, data networking protocols, and hybrid communication protocols, are well established. So, well-defined protocols can help in preventing signal loss and in optimizing communication system efficiency. Another important factor in telecommunication systems is system security. All these aspects

The exponential growth in bandwidth demand calls for viable means of meeting system requirements. The advancements in optical communication have been notable solutions to the current and future networks. With optical devices, both short and long transmission can be effectively achieved. Part II provides detailed information on the next-generation optical access technologies. It focuses on different passive optical network variants and advanced optical modulation formats that are vital to telecommunication systems for enhanced spectral efficiency and energy efficiency (EE). Apart from the presented optical fiber-based schemes, free-space optical (FSO) is also considered as a cost-effective, flexible and comparatively easier network deployment. Part II also covers a number of spatial light modulator technologies, which are viable for different applications such as FSO, multicore

systems as expatiated in this book.

Systems for Smart Networks."

are comprehensively described in Part I.

fiber and spatial division multiplexing.
