Convergence of Wireless-Optical Networks

*Telecommunication Systems – Principles and Applications of Wireless-Optical Technologies*

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Chapter 8

Abstract

1. Introduction

137

Enabling Optical Wired and

Isiaka A. Alimi, Ana Tavares, Cátia Pinho, Abdelgader M. Abdalla, Paulo P. Monteiro

Beyond Networks

and António L. Teixeira

Wireless Technologies for 5G and

The emerging fifth-generation mobile communications are envisaged to support massive number of deployment scenarios based on the respective use case requirements. The requirements can be efficiently attended with ultradense small-cell cloud radio access network (C-RAN) approach. However, the C-RAN architecture imposes stringent requirements on the transport networks. This book chapter presents high-capacity and low-latency optical wired and wireless networking solutions that are capable of attending to the network demands. Meanwhile, with optical communication evolutions, there has been advent of enhanced photonic integrated circuits (PICs). The PICs are capable of offering advantages such as lowpower consumption, high-mechanical stability, low footprint, small dimension, enhanced functionalities, and ease of complex system architectures. Consequently, we exploit the PICs capabilities in designing and developing the physical layer architecture of the second standard of the next-generation passive optical network (NG-PON2) system. Apart from being capable of alleviating the associated losses of the transceiver, the proposed architectures aid in increasing the system power budget. Moreover, its implementation can significantly help in reducing the opticalelectrical-optical conversions issue and the required number of optical connections, which are part of the main problems being faced in the miniaturization of network elements. Additionally, we present simulation results for the model validation.

Keywords: 5G, backhaul, centralized unit (CU), common public radio interface (CPRI), distributed unit (DU), fiber to the X (FTTX), fronthaul, functional split, optical wireless communication (OWC), passive optical network (PON), photonic integrated circuits (PICs), radio access network (RAN), radio over fiber (RoF)

There have been growing concerns regarding the increasing number of unprecedented bandwidth-intensive mobile applications and services being experienced by the Internet. A notable cause of the increase in the traffic and the subsequent pressure on the network is the Internet of things (IoT) technologies. For instance, massive IoT (mIoT) schemes have caused remarkable revolutions in the amount of
