Author details

would not be possible to transmit the four channels simultaneously; this implies that only one channel can be transmitted at a time. The proposed and developed architectures demonstrate the potential of photonic integration for optical architectures. Consequently, the architectures not only have the ability of supporting high data rates, high density, and flexible solutions but also offer advantages such as low power consumption, improved functionality, low footprint, and cost-effectiveness.

Telecommunication Systems – Principles and Applications of Wireless-Optical Technologies

The 5G based system is a promising solution for attending to the growing concerns about the traffic pressure on the network. Also, the envisaged massive number of deployment scenarios and use cases to be supported brings about highbandwidth and low-latency requirements for the 5G networks. The small-cell-based C-RAN approach can efficiently attend to the associated ultradense deployment. However, the C-RAN-based approach imposes stringent requirements regarding jitter, bandwidth, and latency for the mobile transport networks. In this book chapter, we have presented wired and wireless transport solutions that are capable of addressing the C-RAN-based stringent requirements and, consequently, the 5G mobile transport network demands. Furthermore, owing to its significant and inherent advantages for the 5G and beyond networks, we have focused on the NG-PON2 system. We have exploited the salient advantages and the low footprint platform offered by the PICs in the NG-PON2 system design and implementation. Based on these technologies, the proposed architectures are capable of alleviating the associated losses in the system while also helping in increasing the system power budget. In addition, employment of the proposed architectures can help the device makers, service/network providers, and infrastructure and chip vendors, in lower-

This work is funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through national funds under the scholarships PD/BD/105858/2014. It is also supported by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER), through the Regional Operational Programme of Lisbon (POR LISBOA 2020) and the Competitiveness and Internationalization Operational Programme (COMPETE 2020) of the Portugal 2020 framework, Project 5G (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-024539), ORCIP (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-022141), and SOCA (CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000010). It is also funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through national funds under the project COMPRESS-PTDC/EEI-TEL/7163/2014 and by FEDER, through the Regional Operational Program of Centre (CENTRO 2020) of the Portugal 2020 framework [Project HeatIT with Nr. 017942 (CENTRO-01-0247- FEDER-017942)] and [Project Virtual Fiber Box with Nr. 033910 (POCI-01-0247- FEDER-033910)]. Additional support is provided by the COST action CA16220 European Network for High Performance Integrated Microwave Photonics

8. Conclusion

ing the footprint of network elements.

(EUIMWP) and IT (UID/EEA/50008/2013).

Acknowledgements

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Isiaka A. Alimi<sup>1</sup> \*, Ana Tavares1,2, Cátia Pinho1 , Abdelgader M. Abdalla<sup>1</sup> , Paulo P. Monteiro<sup>1</sup> and António L. Teixeira<sup>1</sup>

1 Department of Electronics, Universidade de Aveiro, Instituto de Telecomunicações, Telecommunications and Informatics, Aveiro, Portugal

2 PICadvanced, University of Aveiro Incubator, Portugal

\*Address all correspondence to: iaalimi@ua.pt

© 2019 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
