**8. Acknowledgments**

58 Olive Oil – Constituents, Quality, Health Properties and Bioconversions

samples adulterated by means of deodorized olive oil (left), while a deeper LDA processing

O1 O2 O3 O4

DF 2

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Absorbance

F4

Fig. 11. Top: Diffuse-light absorption spectra of original extra virgin olive oils (left) and other lower quality olive oils commonly used as adulterants (right). Bottom: Discriminating maps obtained by chemometric data processing of absorption spectra (with kind permission

Absorption spectroscopy, carried out in the UV-VIS-NIR and combined with chemometrics, can be used for authentication, fraud detection, as well as for quantifying quality indicators.

Absorption spectroscopy for assessing the extra virgin olive oil can be performed also in other spectroscopic bands of the electromagnetic spectrum, especially in the mid-infrared (MIR) and far-infrared (FIR). Recently, NIR and MIR bands were successfully combined and showed effectiveness not only for classifying Italian and French olive oils (Sinelli et al., 2008; Galtier et al., 2011), but also for a classification on the basis of the fruity sensory attribute (Sinelli et al., 2010). The instrumentation for MIR absorption spectroscopy makes use of other types of sources/detectors/optics and measuring schemes. Usually, the attenuated total reflection modality is used, which allows absorption measurements even in high

50 75 95

25

F1 F2 F4 F5

Optical fibers can be used for localized or online analyses.

absorption liquids, like olive oil is in the MIR.


**F1 F2 F5**

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F1 F2 F4 F5

Wavelength ( nm )

DF 1


was needed for discriminating the other adulterants (right).


05

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Wavelength ( nm )

F1

95

of Springer Science+Business Media)

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05 25 50

F2

**7. Perspectives** 

95

F5

95

75

75

PC 1 ( 89.8 % )




0

PC 2 ( 7.4 % )

0.5

1

1.5

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Absorbance

Many sponsors and people contributed to the scientific work of the authors of this chapter. The following deserve a special acknowledgement:

