**1. Introduction**

292 Olive Oil – Constituents, Quality, Health Properties and Bioconversions

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Conventional olive oil production methods create large amounts of waste and by-products. Most production plants do not invest in purification and utilization of those by-products. Purification or conversion methods may add value to those by-products and prevent the environmental pollution.

Global trends show that "green" products and technologies are needed. Increasing environmental concerns, government measures and population drive the search for green processes to replace the conventional ones. This search is essential to achieve sustainable processing and to reduce commercial energy use (Clark, 2011). There are several applications for green technology in the olive oil industry.

This chapter reviews the potential applications of major green processes such as supercritical fluid extraction, membrane technology, bioconversions and molecular distillation in the olive oil industry.
