**4. Flow separation**

A study showing the separation of energy in free shear zone was carried out, and the role of pressure in the flow separation was studied [50]. In vertical ducts and other cross sections, mixed convection was investigated numerically [51]. Three-dimensional flow studies for understanding the effect of step height were also available. Large eddy simulation (LES) was undertaken for the turbulent flow over a backward-facing step [52]. A laminar airfoil was taken, and adiabatic and heating conditions were investigated at modest subsonic Mach numbers [53]. Correlations among the heat transfer coefficients of dull-edged flat plates and square channels were studied [54]. A finite volume method was used to investigate the 2D natural convection in a heated cylinder, and the significance of aspect ratio, Prandtl number, and boundary conditions on thermal characteristics were studied [55].
