2.2 Preparation of electromagnetic materials

Ordinary fibers are generally made of nonconductive and non-magnetic polymer materials. To obtain the functionalization of textile materials, special materials must be introduced during the preparation process. Textile materials include fibers,


#### Table 4.

Magnetic susceptibility of some fibers.

#### Electromagnetic Function Textiles DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85586

as high as 10<sup>13</sup> Ω cm/cm<sup>2</sup> or more. In textile processing, the contact and friction between fibers or between fibers and machine parts tends to trigger charge transfer and static electricity generation. During the production process, static electricity will cause fiber hairiness, hairiness increase, filament winding mechanism, breakage, etc. In the course of the taking process, static electricity will cause clothes to

Although the phenomenon of static electricity leads to many hazards during textile processing, the electrostatic properties of textile materials can also benefit to some processing technology, such as electrospinning and electrostatic flocking.

Ordinary textile materials are anti-magnets, which are negative. The magnetic

The magnetic properties of textile materials are not as much as those of electrical properties, but they are gradually being valued by people to develop various types of magnetic fibers and textiles. For example, magnetic powders such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and ferrite are added to a spinning solution, and fibers having magnetic

Common textile materials have dielectric properties and electrostatic phenom-

Electromagnetic textile materials are a new type of functional textile materials obtained from fibers or yarns with good electrical and magnetic properties through textile processing technology or by applying the materials with metallic properties to common textile material. Meanwhile, electromagnetic textile materials have unique structure of textile materials and the electromagnetic properties of the metal

Ordinary fibers are generally made of nonconductive and non-magnetic polymer materials. To obtain the functionalization of textile materials, special materials must be introduced during the preparation process. Textile materials include fibers,

Material Magnetic susceptibility ( χ) Material Magnetic susceptibility ( χ) Ethylene 10.3 <sup>10</sup><sup>6</sup> Polyester 6.53 <sup>10</sup><sup>6</sup> Polypropylene 10.1 <sup>10</sup><sup>6</sup> Nylon 66 9.55 <sup>10</sup><sup>6</sup>

ena, but the electromagnetic parameter of them has not reached the order of magnitude of metals or semiconductors. Therefore, they generally do not own any

susceptibility of some textile materials is shown in Table 4.

2. Electromagnetic functional textile materials

2.1 The definition of electromagnetic textile materials

2.2 Preparation of electromagnetic materials

Fluorine 47.8 <sup>10</sup><sup>6</sup>

Magnetic susceptibility of some fibers.

properties are obtained by wet spinning.

stick and absorb dust.

Electromagnetic Materials and Devices

1.2.4 Magnetic properties

electromagnetic function.

materials [1, 2].

Table 4.

184

yarns, and fabrics. Therefore, electromagnetic functionalization of fibers, yarns, and fabrics can be achieved by spinning, weaving, and finishing.

In the spinning process for fibers, metal fibers, carbon/graphite fibers, or intrinsically conductive polymer materials having intrinsic electromagnetic function may be used to take place of the ordinary fiber materials in whole or in part. It is possible to add the powder having electromagnetic properties to the spinning solution in the blending way during the spinning process.

In the spinning process for yarns, electromagnetic fibers such as metal fibers and magnetic fibers can be added to the ordinary fibers through different ways to combine, producing the electromagnetic yarn. Metal fibers have low elongation and poor toughness; so, they are not suitable to be used alone for weaving. They are often used to form the yarn containing metal fiber with ordinary textile fibers by blending, enveloping, etc.

In the weaving process, electromagnetically functionalized yarns can be directly woven. The common yarns can be interlaced into fabrics with the electromagnetically functionalized yarns.

The finishing process is suitable for fibers, yarns, and fabrics. For the fiber or the yarn that has been formed and does not have electromagnetic function, the surface of it may be coated with a metal coating or magnetic powder by electroless plating, electroplating, magnetron sputtering, or other ways. For ordinary fabrics without electromagnet properties, the surface can be treated by finishing, such as the electroplating, electroless plating, or embroidery to make it electromagnetic.
