**4. Data analysis and results**

Data obtained from the survey were analyzed for descriptive, frequency, and student's t-statistics by using SPSS version 19, a well-known statistical package.

#### **4.1 Profile of respondents**

The first question in this section asked for some basic demographic information about the respondent's job title, gender, and years of experience with the organization. The summary of the responses are given in **Table 3**. Interestingly, 63% of the respondents with responsibility for IT function were male compared to 37% of the females. Similarly, 43% of the respondents were IT/IS or MIS managers compared to 51% as directors, and only 6% were general managers. As presented, 40% of the respondents have 1–5 years of experience with their organizations, with 37% were having 6–10 years of experience, and roughly around 22% have more than 10 years of experience with their organizations.


**151**

*Evaluating Information Technology Strategic Planning Process: Lesson Learnt from Bruneian…*

**Organization characteristics Frequency Percentage**

IT/IS manager 29 43 Director 34 51 General manager 4 6

Male 42 63 Female 25 37

1–5 27 40 6–10 25 37 More than 10 22 22

The second question gathered information about the profile of the respondent's organization such as the years of operation, sector, and the number of employees. This section discusses the survey findings about these aspects and a summary is shown in **Table 4**. Interestingly, 24% of the participating organizations have between 5 and 10 years of operation. Very few (4%) have less than a year of operation. The participating organizations with more than 10 years of operation represent about 44% of the surveyed SMEs. Unfortunately, the share of participating companies from the manufacturing sector was only 12%. Others are mostly from service industry (31.0%). Few are from construction and retail sectors (3 and 6%, respectively). However, the good response rate of 30% was from information and commutation technology (ICT). About 55% of the respondent organizations have between 10 and 50 employees, and 45% of the organizations have between 51 and 250 employees. The SMEs with approximate sales between B\$ 100,000 and B\$ 250,000 cover the highest response of 28%, and about 22% of the participating

Question 3 asked the respondents if they have a group of people dedicated to the IT function. The findings, as shown in **Table 5**, reveals that a large majority (82%) of the respondents have people who are dedicated for the IT function, while 18% do

The survey questioned the participants about their level of use and familiarity with IT strategy basic development methods. They were asked to respond to this question by encircling a number on a five-point scale where 1 means fully used, 2 means partly used, 3 means familiar and has indirect influence, 4 means familiar but not used, and 5 means unfamiliar. A summary of how the surveyed SMEs are

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84449*

Job title

Gender

**Table 3.**

Years of experience

*Profile of respondents.*

**4.2 Profile of organizations**

organizations did not disclose their sales' figure.

**4.4 IT strategy basic development methods**

**4.3 Profile of the IT function**

not have such people.

**Table 2.** *Reliability and validity.* *Evaluating Information Technology Strategic Planning Process: Lesson Learnt from Bruneian… DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.84449*


#### **Table 3.**

*Strategy and Behaviors in the Digital Economy*

are met.

**3.3 The sample**

of Brunei Darussalam.

**4. Data analysis and results**

**4.1 Profile of respondents**

of experience with their organizations.

**Constructs No of** 

**3.2 Instrument validity and instrument reliability**

There are several types of validity measures such as face validity and construct validity. Campbell and Fiske [66] propose two types of validity: convergent and discriminating validity. Convergent validity is measured by average variance extracted for each construct during the reliability analysis that should be 0.5 (50%) or better. **Table 2** shows the reliability values for the various constructs with variance extracted, and all the values are above 50%, thus providing a sufficient evidence of convergent validity. Similarly, Cronbach's α [67] for the constructs ranging from 0.80 to 0.90 further indicate a sufficient level of reliability. In general results show that both validity and reliability requirements

A questionnaire was sent to 129 SMEs according to a random sampling plan. The SMEs were selected from a key business directory of Brunei (www.goldpages.com). Out of these 127 organizations, 70 organizations responded, and responses from 67 organizations were retained as they were filled by the top management; three were dropped because of the fact that it was not filled as per instructions. This makes the response rate of 52% sufficient for the survey of SMEs especially in a small market

Data obtained from the survey were analyzed for descriptive, frequency, and student's t-statistics by using SPSS version 19, a well-known statistical package.

The first question in this section asked for some basic demographic information about the respondent's job title, gender, and years of experience with the organization. The summary of the responses are given in **Table 3**. Interestingly, 63% of the respondents with responsibility for IT function were male compared to 37% of the females. Similarly, 43% of the respondents were IT/IS or MIS managers compared to 51% as directors, and only 6% were general managers. As presented, 40% of the respondents have 1–5 years of experience with their organizations, with 37% were having 6–10 years of experience, and roughly around 22% have more than 10 years

**Mean Cronbach alpha** 

**(α)**

**Variance extracted**

**items**

Awareness frameworks 3 3.63 0.88 0.81 Opportunity frameworks 3 3.53 0.80 0.74 Positioning frameworks 3 3.68 0.87 0.80 Other frameworks 8 3.67 0.84 0.60

**150**

**Table 2.**

*Reliability and validity.*

*Profile of respondents.*
