**5. Numerical algorithm**

*Hypersonic Vehicles - Past, Present and Future Developments*

*Geometrical parameters of reentry capsules (a) CARINA; (b) Beagle-2.*

*Geometrical parameters of Viking, MPF, MER, Phoenix and MSL.*

**122**

**Table 3.**

**Table 4.**

**Figure 5.**

**Geometrical parameters**

Fore-body diameter, *D*

**Table 2.**

DGB parachute diameter

*Dimension of the reentry capsules.*

*Dimension of the blunted-spherical cone (SRE) reentry module.*

The effects of the module geometrical parameters, such as radius of the spherical cap radius, shoulder radius, semi-cone angle and back-shell inclination angle on

**Semi-cone angle** *R<sup>N</sup> D L<sup>1</sup> L θ* = 25° 3.36 2.80 0.014 2.04 *θ* = 30° 4.595 3.95 0.186 1.50 *θ* = 35° 1.35 3.40 0.001 1.50

**Capsule** *R<sup>N</sup> D R<sup>C</sup> L* **α***<sup>N</sup>*

ARD 3.36 2.80 0.014 2.04 — 33 Apollo-II 4.595 3.95 0.186 3.52 — 33 OREX 1.35 3.40 0.001 1.50 50 15 CARINA 1.97D 1.0D 0.25D 1.172D — 13 MUSES-C 2.0 4.0 — 2.0 45 45 Beagle-2 41.7 90.0 0.029 49.95 60 43.75

**Capsules Viking MPF MER Phoenix MSL** *αN* **= 30°**

3.5 2.65 2.65 2.65 4.5

16.4 12.4 15.09 11.5 19.7

*<sup>0</sup>* **α***<sup>B</sup>*

*0*
