**9. Prognostic indicators**

In a recent study, it was suggested that lactate as a prognostic indicator with mean lactate in complicated cases of canine babesiosis wherein the blood lactate concentration in non-survivors (145 mg/dL) was higher than in survivors (13.8 mg/ dL). Pretreatment hyperlactataemia (>45 mg/dL) and subsequent serial lactate concentrations that failed to return to normal reference range (persistently >40 mg/ dL) indicate poor prognosis [75].
