*4.1.10 Cytology*

Cytology of ascetic fluid is often indicated in suspected malignancy and idiopathic cases. Positive cytology is highly indicated in suspected cases of peritoneal carcinomatosis. The sensitivity of cytology can be enhanced by examination of three samples from separate paracenteses [38]. The sensitivity is also enhanced by prompt analysis of ascetic fluid and obtaining large volume of up to 50–1000 ml in patients with initial negative result.
