*5.2.2.2 Clathrin-mediated endocytosis*

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the specific uptake of CPPs that have been shown to have significance in the uptake of penetratine, TAT peptide, and other CPPs after inhibition by hyperosmolar media [96]. The mechanism starts with the creation of a vesicle that is covered by a crystal on the interior surface of the cell membrane. After the coating of clathrin proteins by vesicles, it combines with an early endosome which moves via microtubules from the cell into the nucleus. Macromolecules carried on late endosome are fused with vesicles of the Golgi apparatus, which include pioneer of lysosomal hydrolase. After combining, lysosomal hydrolase enzymes are activated, and the late endosome turns into active lysosome. In the lysosome, the endocytosis substance is decomposed [105].
