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## Meet the editor

Dr. A.K. Soni, Ph.D., graduated with a degree in Mining Engineering from Ravishankar University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, in 1983. He completed his post-graduate studies at the Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS), Rajasthan, India, and obtained a Ph.D. in Environmental Science and Engineering from the Centre of Mining Environment, Indian School of Mines (ISM), Dhanbad, India, in 1998. Dr. Soni is currently working as

Chief Scientist at CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CSIR-CIM-FR) at Nagpur Research Centre and engaged in research work on "mine environment and allied areas." His area of research interest is "geo-hydrological problems related to mines." He has more than 33 years of experience working in the Indian mining industry. As part of his research work, he has visited the United States and the United Kingdom and traveled widely across India. As a research scientist and technical administrator, he has more than 115 technical publications on mining and environmental topics to his credit. Dr. Soni has authored one book, Mining in the Himalayas: An Integrated Strategy. He has also written technical papers in the Hindi language. Dr. Soni has handled more than 100 R&D projects in the capacity of project coordinator and principal investigator. He is actively associated with professional societies in India, including the Mining Engineers Association of India (MEAI), Institution of Engineers (India), Indian Society for Rock Mechanics and Tunneling Technology (ISRMTT), and International Mine Water Association (IMWA). Dr. Soni has received many honors and awards for his contributions. He is presently a member of the international advisory board for the Journal of Mine Water and Environment. He is also a member and chairman of important committees, and a subject area expert, advisor, and evaluator responsible for several noted professional assignments at the national level. He has been invited by academic institutes and Indian universities to deliver lectures and conduct examinations for post-graduate students. Dr. Soni was associated with the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) in the capacity of member and has experience organizing several technical events.

Contents

**Section 1**

**Section 2**

*by Paweł Kamiński*

*by Yildırım İsmail Tosun*

Open Pit Mining

in Indian Geomining Conditions

**Preface XI**

Mining Techniques - Past and Present **1**

**Chapter 1 3**

**Chapter 2 25**

**Chapter 3 43**

**Chapter 4 59**

Mining Techniques - Future **77**

**Chapter 5 79**

**Chapter 6 97**

**Chapter 7 109**

Polish Experience in Shaft Deepening and Mining Shaft Hoist Elongation

Polish Experiences in Handling Water Hazards during Mine Shaft Sinking

Anchorage Pile Strengthening of Shale Slopes and Cementing Falling Stone Blocks by Mixture of Melted Waste Plastics/Asphalt and Fly Ash for Slope

Stability in Asphaltite Open Pit Mining Site in Avgamasya, Şırnak

Developments Made for Mechanised Extraction of Locked-Up Coal Pillars

*by Awwad H. Altiti, Rami O. Alrawashdeh and Hani M. Alnawafleh*

*by Ashok Kumar, Dheeraj Kumar, Arun Kumar Singh, Sahendra Ram,* 

*Rakesh Kumar, Mudassar Raja and Amit Kumar Singh*

Reclamation of Soils Degraded by Surface Coal Mining *by Luiz Fernando Spinelli Pinto, Lizete Stumpf, Pablo Miguel, Leonir Aldrighi Dutra Junior, Jeferson Diego Leidemer, Lucas da Silva Barbosa and Mauricio Silva e Oliveira*

*by Piotr Czaja, Paweł Kamiński and Artur Dyczko*

Ecofriendly Hill Mining by Tunneling Method *by Rama Dhar Dwivedi and Abhay Kumar Soni*

## Contents


*by Yildırım İsmail Tosun*

#### **Chapter 8**

Specific Solution of Deformation Vector in Land Subsidence for GIS Applications to Reclaiming the Abandoned Magnesite Mine in the East of Slovakia *by Vladimír Sedlák*

#### **Chapter 9**

Coal Burst: A State of the Art on Mechanism and Prevention from Energy Aspect *by Xiaohan Yang*

Preface

Mining is an ancient activity that began at the inception of civilization. On re-examining the mining activities of the present day, it is apparent that several transformations in mining techniques have occurred. This book examines the past, present, and future missions of mining. The growing needs of the mining industry have led to larger investments in the field of "mining science," which encompasses engineering, mechanics, chemistry, physics, and management. In the next few decades, "conventional methods" will be replaced by advanced and modern techniques of fast and safe excavations involving technology, machinery,

Written by authors from Poland, India, Australia, Brazil, Turkey, Jordan, and Slovakia, this volume includes nine chapters over two sections. Section 1 examines current mining methods and techniques such as open-pit mining and hill mining. Other chapters in this section examine environmental degradation and reclamation due to surface coal mining as well as mining in hills and

engineers at the Leon IV shaft of the Rydułtowy Mine, Poland.

Further, 'mineral resources' are hidden treasures that can give a boost to

Section 2 includes chapters on future mining techniques such as shaft excavation, which is examined using a case study of the shaft-sinking experiences of Polish

commercial activities, the industry as well as entrepreneurs. Activities related to these resources can generate employment and undoubtedly make a significant contribution to GDP growth for mineral-rich states and countries. As far as my optimistic understanding of S&T, R&D and mining system and subject as a whole goes, I believe that this book will be useful for all professionals of the mining

This book is an important resource on mining, minerals, the environment, and engineering. Its applied research concepts and comprehensive content will be beneficial for researchers, students, policy formulators, and decision-makers in different areas of the mining industry. Mine operators and civil or excavation engineering professionals will also find the information presented herein useful

Compiling and editing a book on the past, present, and future of various mining techniques is a stupendous task, as the mining industry worldwide is extensive and varied. Therefore this book does not cover every aspect of mining; that is a

and equipment.

tunneling.

industry.

and practical.

challenge for a future book.

**155**
