**4. Conclusion**

In the current study, IOT from two different sources were used to make brick samples in laboratory. The characterization on IOT from different sources revealed the variation in the chemical composition of the raw hematite tailings. In the first sample the combined (SiO2 + Al2O3) was found to be 18.6%, and that of hematite was 66.56%, similarly second sample showed (SiO2 + Al2O3) to be 22.4% and hematite was 44.8%. With first IOT sample, bricks were manufactured with GGBS, sodium silicate, and lime. In the brick specimens with IOT, GGBS, sodium silicate, and lime there was an increase in compressive strength with increased IOT content. The trend in increased strength was similar for different curing periods. A maximum of 23 N/mm<sup>2</sup> was observed for bricks made with 50% IOT, 25% GGBS, 20% Na2SiO3, and 5% lime. The relationship between Si/Al, Ca/Si, and Si/(Al + Fe) to compressive strength at different curing periods were developed. From the developed ratios it was observed that at early curing periods (7d) the critical threshold values for Si/Al. Ca/Si, and Si/(Al + Fe) ratios were 1.25, 0.70, and 0.30, respectively, beyond the threshold values there was drastic reduction in the compressive strength of the bricks. With second IOT sample, bricks were manufactured with GGBS, fly ash, slag sand, Na2SiO3, and NaOH (8 and 10 M). With increase in IOT content there was decrease in compressive strength of the brick specimens. The maximum compressive strength of 25.7 N/mm<sup>2</sup> was observed for bricks containing 20% IOT, 40% slag sand, 15% fly ash, 15% GGBS, Na2SiO3, and NaOH (10 M). The limited results of the current study shows the effective utilization of waste materials like IOT, GGBS, fly ash along with geopolymerisation results in more eco-friendly and environmental sustainable building material.

### **Acknowledgements**

The authors wish to thank Ministry of Mines for granting the project (under reference no 14/15/2013-METIV). The authors wish to thank the management of Christ (Deemed to be University) for the help rendered during different stages of the experimental work.

**69**

**Author details**

Anirban Roy and Arun Kumar

provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2018 The Author(s). Licensee IntechOpen. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/ by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,

Pranab Das\*, Beulah Matcha, Nabil Hossiney, Mothi Krishna Mohan,

\*Address all correspondence to: pranab.das@christuniversity.in

Faculty of Engineering, Christ (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, India

*Utilization of Iron Ore Mines Waste as Civil Construction Material through Geopolymer Reactions*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81709*

*Utilization of Iron Ore Mines Waste as Civil Construction Material through Geopolymer Reactions DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.81709*
