**4.3 Intraoperative wavefront aberrometry**

Intraoperative wavefront aberrometry is increasingly being used to estimate the toric IOL power and axis of placement based on the aphakic refraction, especially in post-refractive surgery cases. A recent study reported only a mean error of 0.43 0.33 D with Optiwave Refractive Analysis (ORA; WaveTec Vision Systems Inc., CA, USA) in post laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) cases undergoing toric IOL implantation, which were more accurate than those obtained by the standard SRK/T formula and the online ASCRS calculator.
