**2. A general overview of the sporogonic cycle in mosquito host**

The transmission of the parasite from human host to mosquito transpire when a female mosquito acquires gametocyte containing blood meal from the infected vertebrate host. When the parasite enters the midgut lumen it faces the dynamically changing environment, where both male and female gametocytes get differentiated into male and female gametes [12–15]. Ingested gametocytes also encounter proteolytic enzymes released by midgut epithelium in the midgut environment to digest the blood meal, which may have an agonistic or antagonistic effect on parasite growth. Fertilization of male and female gametes results in zygote formation, which rapidly transforms into motile ookinetes [16]. After exiting from the blood bolus, ookinete traverses the midgut epithelium either through intracellular or intercellular route and then rests beneath the epithelial cell at basal lamina. Later ookinetes transform into replicative oocyst stage which undergoes an umpteen round of nuclear division to produce thousands of sporozoites within a time period of one to two weeks. Once in the hemolymph circulation, the free circulatory sporozoites (*fcSPZ*) target to invade salivary glands, but most of them are rapidly cleared off by hemocytes, the immune blood cells of the mosquitoes [17]. Thus tracking of molecular, biochemical, and cellular events during *Plasmodium* developmental transition from one stage to another stage, is of particular interest. Several laboratory studies on mosquito-parasite interaction involving *P. berghei* or *P. falciparum*,

*Molecular Dynamics of Mosquito-*Plasmodium vivax *Interaction: A Smart Strategy of Parasitism DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96008*

demonstrate that the developmental kinetics of the *Plasmodium* population is significantly altered, though the mechanism is not fully understood [18–20]. The last two decades of research highlights the crucial role of the tissue-specific mosquito immune system to control the parasite load, though the physiological relevance is yet to be investigated [21–24].
