**1. The Scatol8**

Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità srl (briefly, Scatol8 srl) is an academic spin-off of the University of Turin and an innovative start-up. The company, founded in 2016, is the natural consequence to extensive research programs at the national and international level on the relationship between the use and transformation of resources by economic organizations and the quality of the environment, conducted by the Commodity Science Area of the Department of Management, University of Torino. It works in the field of clean technologies and environmental monitoring. Its activity concerns the development, production, and marketing of innovative products and services with a high technological value and more specifically the development, production, and marketing of integrated electronic systems and networks for the collection of variables—in particular environmental—and analysis of data collected through intelligent dashboard, primarily intended for agricultural, commercial, and industrial activities. Product innovativeness is due to the development of specific algorithms that allow the application of methodologies (business intelligence and organizational intelligence) traditionally reserved for corporate information to environmental and energy data. These products have a high technological value because of the specifically developed software which makes them modular and highly customizable; in particular it allows both a simple connection to preexisting environmental management systems and complete technological integration with sensor and actuator networks (Internet of Things).1

## **1.1 Fundamental parts of Scatol8**

Scatol8 is a sensor platform for environmental and management variable monitoring. The aim is to measure all those variables that are relevant for the interaction between an economical organization and the environment. Examples of these variables are electrical consumption, gas emission in air, waste production, etc. The data collected through the sensor platform are sent to a remote server (see **Figure 1**) that offers the opportunity to check the real-time values as well as to look at the historical series.

The data collected in the remote database are not only available from a web interface that is easy to use, but values can be elaborated, aggregated, and compared also among different networks. Scatol8 is mainly focused upon the environmental sustainability, and it's based on these criteria:

**Accessibility:** Hardware and software are fully based on open-source technologies and software in view of cost containment, openness, and ease of access, even for training and academic purposes.

**Environmental compatibility:** When possible, all electronic devices are placed in recycled containers, coming mainly from consumer goods and electronics industry, transformed and adapted to their new function, or in containers made of wood (a renewable resource) or even cardboard.

**Modularity:** The system is constituted from time to time, according to the requirements and specifications of each application.

**Dissemination:** Scatol8 is not only a product but also an initiative to spread knowledge, which aims to involve young people in the creation of technology (and not only in its use). Along with the hardware output of the company, there is a continuously updated line of information about observed variables, sustainability, and purposes.

We can logically divide the monitored variables in three main groups as shown in **Table 1**: the environmental, the managerial, and the biomedical parameters. The web application showing the measured values is called Crusc8 (dashboard). Many indicators, one per variable, compose it. **Figure 2** shows an example of Crusc8 with nine variables in the same network (on the left). For each indicator, it is possible to look at his past trend as shown on the right. These examples are taken from a monitored school; in particular the graph represents the measured temperature in a classroom where the data were collected every 15 minutes.

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**Figure 1.**

*An example of Scatol8 sensor network.*

Distance (e.g., snow height, tank liquid quantities, etc.)

Movement (e.g., intrusion, number of pieces, etc.)

Gas (presence of smoke, benzene, carbon dioxide, LPG, propane, hydrogen, oxygen, methane, carbon

Environmental parameter

Mass (e.g., waste production)

Oxidation-reduction potential

Atmospheric pressure Radioactivity (decays α β γ)

Liquid temperature Soil temperature Air temperature Soil humidity Air humidity Wind speed Vibration

Biometric parameters

Acceleration Power consumption Wind direction

Liquid flow

monoxide) Illuminance

pH Rain

Noise

*How to Make Fabrics Talk Environment: The Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità Way*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88120*

<sup>1</sup> *Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità srl*, established in 2016, draws back from various national and international research projects conducted within the Department of Management of the University of Turin. For any additional information, please visit http://scatol 8.net.

*How to Make Fabrics Talk Environment: The Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità Way DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88120*

#### **Figure 1.** *An example of Scatol8 sensor network.*

*Fashion Industry - An Itinerary Between Feelings and Technology*

sensor and actuator networks (Internet of Things).1

sustainability, and it's based on these criteria:

(a renewable resource) or even cardboard.

additional information, please visit http://scatol 8.net.

requirements and specifications of each application.

for training and academic purposes.

**1.1 Fundamental parts of Scatol8**

historical series.

and purposes.

15 minutes.

production, and marketing of integrated electronic systems and networks for the collection of variables—in particular environmental—and analysis of data collected through intelligent dashboard, primarily intended for agricultural, commercial, and industrial activities. Product innovativeness is due to the development of specific algorithms that allow the application of methodologies (business intelligence and organizational intelligence) traditionally reserved for corporate information to environmental and energy data. These products have a high technological value because of the specifically developed software which makes them modular and highly customizable; in particular it allows both a simple connection to preexisting environmental management systems and complete technological integration with

Scatol8 is a sensor platform for environmental and management variable monitoring. The aim is to measure all those variables that are relevant for the interaction between an economical organization and the environment. Examples of these variables are electrical consumption, gas emission in air, waste production, etc. The data collected through the sensor platform are sent to a remote server (see **Figure 1**) that offers the opportunity to check the real-time values as well as to look at the

The data collected in the remote database are not only available from a web interface that is easy to use, but values can be elaborated, aggregated, and compared also among different networks. Scatol8 is mainly focused upon the environmental

**Accessibility:** Hardware and software are fully based on open-source technologies and software in view of cost containment, openness, and ease of access, even

**Environmental compatibility:** When possible, all electronic devices are placed in recycled containers, coming mainly from consumer goods and electronics industry, transformed and adapted to their new function, or in containers made of wood

**Modularity:** The system is constituted from time to time, according to the

**Dissemination:** Scatol8 is not only a product but also an initiative to spread knowledge, which aims to involve young people in the creation of technology (and not only in its use). Along with the hardware output of the company, there is a continuously updated line of information about observed variables, sustainability,

We can logically divide the monitored variables in three main groups as shown in **Table 1**: the environmental, the managerial, and the biomedical parameters. The web application showing the measured values is called Crusc8 (dashboard). Many indicators, one per variable, compose it. **Figure 2** shows an example of Crusc8 with nine variables in the same network (on the left). For each indicator, it is possible to look at his past trend as shown on the right. These examples are taken from a monitored school; in particular the graph represents the measured temperature in a classroom where the data were collected every

<sup>1</sup> *Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità srl*, established in 2016, draws back from various national and international research projects conducted within the Department of Management of the University of Turin. For any

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#### **Table 1.**

*Variables actually measured by Scatol8.*

**Figure 2.**

*Examples of Crusc8 and the temperature historical series.*

### **1.2 Sustainable luxury products**

Scatol8 srl products and services are manufactured according to the customer's specific requirements. Whether it is the planning and implementing of a remote sensing network, a training project, or a product, the answer to customer needs makes it a unique object. Everyone has the central idea to prove sustainability through materials and constructive methods. Therefore, materials are natural (various Italian woody species, natural fibers, and dyes) and the construction method crafts. From the union of these, unique and exclusive objects are created, whose sustainability is defined by scientific methods and processes. Features are tailored to the customer's needs, both in terms of sensors and actuators: A custom-made approach to sustainability.

The process shown in **Figure 3** highlights the steps that, from an idea, lead to the definition of product requirements after identifying and evaluating the conditions of economic, environmental, and social sustainability.

Being Scatol8 made of hardware, software, and containers, the definition of requisites analyzes, in a systemic way, the relations among these elements, to ascertain the feasibility of a product. The refinement work is carried out through the organized interaction of subjects with various training backgrounds, in a design thinking logic, which allows to explore various options for defining product requisites. Whenever a variation is suggested on one of the three elements to better respond to customer needs, the impact on other items is checked. This way of proceeding allows the definition of feasible product requirements. As far as the environmental sustainability test is concerned, life cycle assessment is the most commonly used methodology, while economic sustainability is examined with the business model

**77**

**Figure 4.**

**Figure 3.**

data-knots, camouflaged by lamps.

*How to Make Fabrics Talk Environment: The Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità Way*

*The design planning from the initial idea to the definition of the product requisites.*

canvas [1]. Social sustainability is sought through collaboration with companies located in Italy. Among the products that have been recently made, we present two

*The first Scatol8 lamp produced by Caneschi Ltd.: S8-LIL, Scatol8 Long Interactive Lamp.*

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88120*

*How to Make Fabrics Talk Environment: The Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità Way DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88120*

canvas [1]. Social sustainability is sought through collaboration with companies located in Italy. Among the products that have been recently made, we present two data-knots, camouflaged by lamps.

*Fashion Industry - An Itinerary Between Feelings and Technology*

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**Figure 2.**

ECG

Heartbeat

**Table 1.**

Electromyography Frequency of breathing Glucose and blood pressure

Galvanic skin response Body temperature

*Variables actually measured by Scatol8.*

*Examples of Crusc8 and the temperature historical series.*

of economic, environmental, and social sustainability.

Scatol8 srl products and services are manufactured according to the customer's specific requirements. Whether it is the planning and implementing of a remote sensing network, a training project, or a product, the answer to customer needs makes it a unique object. Everyone has the central idea to prove sustainability through materials and constructive methods. Therefore, materials are natural (various Italian woody species, natural fibers, and dyes) and the construction method crafts. From the union of these, unique and exclusive objects are created, whose sustainability is defined by scientific methods and processes. Features are tailored to the customer's needs, both in terms of sensors and actuators: A custom-made approach to sustainability.

The process shown in **Figure 3** highlights the steps that, from an idea, lead to the definition of product requirements after identifying and evaluating the conditions

Being Scatol8 made of hardware, software, and containers, the definition of requisites analyzes, in a systemic way, the relations among these elements, to ascertain the feasibility of a product. The refinement work is carried out through the organized interaction of subjects with various training backgrounds, in a design thinking logic, which allows to explore various options for defining product requisites. Whenever a variation is suggested on one of the three elements to better respond to customer needs, the impact on other items is checked. This way of proceeding allows the definition of feasible product requirements. As far as the environmental sustainability test is concerned, life cycle assessment is the most commonly used methodology, while economic sustainability is examined with the business model

**1.2 Sustainable luxury products**

**Figure 5.** *S8-SIL, Scatol8 Short Interactive Lamp.*

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also an IOT<sup>2</sup>

or speakers [3].

application.

*How to Make Fabrics Talk Environment: The Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità Way*

carbon monoxide parameters, also equipped with LED light actuators.

oriented to the collection and disclosure of information.

**2. Wearable technologies**

has been provided. The countless combinations and architectures of sensors, peripheral nodes, and coordinator node are not ends in themselves; indeed they are

In the presentation of the Scatol8 system, detailed information on the hardware

Wearable applications are possible thanks to the development of smart textiles, also known as electronic textiles, and thanks to the miniaturization of electronics that has allowed to integrate small circuits into the textile products [2]. This kind of textiles, introduced in the early 1990s, strongly influenced by military research and wearable technology in general [14], enables electronic components to be embedded in the fabric itself. The research behind these fabrics involves different topics like materials science, chemistry, design, and others. The multidisciplinary approach is also relevant because of the coexistence of design and usability of requirements. Another significant aspect in wearable technologies (also called wearable devices or wearables) is the optimization of power consumption in electronics that allowed to project smart applications whose batteries last enough for the specific usage. For example, the battery on a sport band must (at minimum) last the time of an average running session. New wireless technologies with low power consumption allow smart textile products to eventually communicate with other devices such as computer or mobile phones. In the case using these devices, the wearable application communicates on the Internet; we can say this product is

Wearable technologies can include many features. The smart textiles can be connected to sensors and react to external changes called stimuli. In response to these stimuli, the material can change some properties like its shape, color stiffness, etc. The wearable technologies can also include some actuators as some LEDs, displays,

Virtually, in all the human cultures, people use garments not just for protecting themselves but also for distinguishing their sex, their social status, or their belonging to a specific subculture. Smart garments now extend their social function

<sup>2</sup> We can say that an object is IOT if it can be used without Internet connection, but within the net it extends its capabilities. For example, a server is not an IOT device because it is useless without a working net. On the other hand, a car can exist also without the use of the Internet to extend its capabilities, but the Internet would impact its nature or behavior, for example, giving real-time traffic information.

Scatol8 revealed itself through prototypes, designed and produced in a green supply chain, in accordance with the strategic lines that guide our achievements. S8-LIL (**Figure 4**) and S8-SIL (**Figure 5**), Scatol8 Short and Long Interactive Lamp: lighting systems, in two sizes, to determine sequences bright, are dynamic interior design objects that contribute to well-being. Built of wood and natural fabrics, they interact with the environment, changing the appearance and promptly conquering the senses of the living space. Distributed in an apartment, S8-LIL and S8-SIL are a peripheral nodes of a Scatol8 network; the values of the environmental variables are conveyed to a router, published on the Internet, and displayed via smartphone and tablet. Lamps themselves (or any other object) can not only illuminate but also spread aromas, sounds, etc. It belongs to the same stream S8-Vela (**Figure 6**), consisting of a lamp, made of essence of chestnut, naturally dyed based on chestnut tannins, with medium-density fiberboard base, featuring three types of environmental monitoring sensors, in particular monitoring of temperature, humidity, and

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88120*

**Figure 6.** *S8-vela.*

*How to Make Fabrics Talk Environment: The Scatol8 per la Sostenibilità Way DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88120*

Scatol8 revealed itself through prototypes, designed and produced in a green supply chain, in accordance with the strategic lines that guide our achievements. S8-LIL (**Figure 4**) and S8-SIL (**Figure 5**), Scatol8 Short and Long Interactive Lamp: lighting systems, in two sizes, to determine sequences bright, are dynamic interior design objects that contribute to well-being. Built of wood and natural fabrics, they interact with the environment, changing the appearance and promptly conquering the senses of the living space. Distributed in an apartment, S8-LIL and S8-SIL are a peripheral nodes of a Scatol8 network; the values of the environmental variables are conveyed to a router, published on the Internet, and displayed via smartphone and tablet. Lamps themselves (or any other object) can not only illuminate but also spread aromas, sounds, etc. It belongs to the same stream S8-Vela (**Figure 6**), consisting of a lamp, made of essence of chestnut, naturally dyed based on chestnut tannins, with medium-density fiberboard base, featuring three types of environmental monitoring sensors, in particular monitoring of temperature, humidity, and carbon monoxide parameters, also equipped with LED light actuators.

In the presentation of the Scatol8 system, detailed information on the hardware has been provided. The countless combinations and architectures of sensors, peripheral nodes, and coordinator node are not ends in themselves; indeed they are oriented to the collection and disclosure of information.
