**6.3 Data analysis software**

The data were entered using SPSS 20.0 on Windows 10 and analyzed. The analysis supported with SPSS software much contributed to the finding. It had

**35**

**Table 2.**

*Research Design and Methodology*

solutions.

**7.1 Reliability of data**

shown in **Table 2**.

**7.2 Reliability analysis**

range for this research.

*DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85731*

contributed to the data validation and correctness of the SPSS results. The software analyzed and compared the results of different variables used in the research questionnaires. Excel is also used to draw the pictures and calculate some analytical

The reliability of measurements specifies the amount to which it is without bias (error free) and hence ensures consistent measurement across time and across the various items in the instrument [8]. In reliability analysis, it has been checked for the stability and consistency of the data. In the case of reliability analysis, the researcher checked the accuracy and precision of the procedure of measurement. Reliability has numerous definitions and approaches, but in several environments, the concept comes to be consistent [8]. The measurement fulfills the requirements of reliability when it produces consistent results during data analysis procedure. The reliability is determined through Cranach's alpha as

Cronbach's alpha is a measure of internal consistency, i.e., how closely related a set of items are as a group [11]. It is considered to be a measure of scale reliability. The reliability of internal consistency most of the time is measured based on the Cronbach's alpha value. Reliability coefficient of 0.70 and above is considered "acceptable" in most research situations [12]. In this study, reliability analysis for internal consistency of Likert-scale measurement after deleting 13 items was found similar; the reliability coefficients were found for 76 items were 0.964 and for the individual groupings made shown in **Table 2**. It was also found internally consistent using the Cronbach's alpha test. **Table 2** shows the internal consistency of the seven major instruments in which their reliability falls in the acceptable

*K stands for knowledge; M, management; T, technology; C, collaboration; P, policy, standards, and regulation;* 

*H, hazards and accident conditions; PPE, personal protective equipment.*

*Internal consistency and reliability test of questionnaires items.*

**7. The reliability and validity analysis of the quantitative data**

contributed to the data validation and correctness of the SPSS results. The software analyzed and compared the results of different variables used in the research questionnaires. Excel is also used to draw the pictures and calculate some analytical solutions.
