Internet and Communications

**3**

**Chapter 1**

**Abstract**

Revolution

real-life case of South Korea mobile carrier.

(MIMO), beamforming, full duplex

**1. Introduction**

Big Data.

5G Road Map to Communication

The goal of this chapter is to give researchers, practitioners, and students a pedestal to get a comprehensive look at the new technology of communication named 5G. The chapter will present an introduction that shows the importance of 5G to the different uses of the Internet. Then, the chapter will present two essential aspects: (1) 5G research in academia and real world and (2) timeline of Gs. Then, the chapter will discuss three aspects of 5G which are, namely, (1) Regulations, (2) security, and (3) the 5 enabling Technologies. Then, the chapter will discuss the

**Keywords:** 5G, millimeter waves, small cells, massive multi-input multi-output

The Internet is nonpareil like running water and electricity; it is a basic need in today's world. The influence of Internet on real life reached: Economics, politics, and social. Hence, it created an alternate reality for all factors in life: e-business, e-politics, social networks, e-learning, e-culture, security, Data Science, and

In economics, the Internet created new type of trade, i.e., e-business and new products. Some of the e-business models ranged from e-payment, new tax rules, new currency, and borderless trading. New products are different products other than the physical and non-physical products. Non-physical products include movies, music, games, and computer programs. Internet created new trades that did not exist before ranging from delivery services of physical products like delivering food, cloths, etc. to delivering non-physical products like services. According to some reports, "online retail sales worldwide will exceed US\$3.4 Trillion" [1] while costs of the first year of online retailing ranges from \$644 to \$31,000 according to eCorner [1]. Others [2] stated that online spending is expected to reach 8.8% of total retail price increasing from 7.4% in 2016. Also, Gorlamandala [2] stated that UK has the highest retail e-commerce sales with 15.6% followed by China with 11.5%. Cross-border is an issue reported by Gorlamandala [2] listing China with \$245 million and Australia, Indonesia, Singapore, France, and Mexico as countries where e-commerce sale is in noticeable numbers. Another report by Deloitte [3] stated that Amazon.com ranked fourth as top 10 retailers in 2017 with \$118.573 million retail revenues with a growth of 25.3 and 36.8% retail revenue from foreign operations. Amazon in the report [3] jumped two places to number 4. The report stated "Amazon is a consistent performer in the Fastest 50, having featured in the Fastest

*Evon Abu-Taieh, Issam H. Al Hadid and Ali Zolait*
