**Author details**

• The possibility of storage in deep saltwater aquifers should also be considered. A suitable pilot project will allow the parties to examine their eligibility.

• One of the most important elements of carbon capture and storage practices is

The pH increased at washing was efficient in heavy metal sorption, the swelling index decreased, the loss of filtration increased negatively, and viscosity decreased

In the obtained data, it was observed that sorption manner of bentonite has negatively effected by foreign ions in washing water for the activation especially

This result also indicated that the properties of the irrigation and fish farming water to be used during wet soil amendment of agricultural organic soil and lake muds with wet bentonites, on waste water treatment units which friendly mud should be controlled, otherwise the contamination after discharge would be harm

*Ci* concentration of manganese in the bulk external phase of stage i (mg L<sup>1</sup>

*qi* concentration of immobilized manganese within the adsorbent particle at

)

*qm* theoretical maximum adsorption capacity of the Langmuir isotherm

1 ) )

)

)

)

)

incentives for CO2 storage.

human health, toxicology of animal and fish feed.

*b* stoichiometric constant defined by

*Def* effective diffusion coefficient (m<sup>2</sup> s

)

*Bim* Biot number for mass transfer

*B* reactant solid defined

*F* objective function *h* fixed bed height (m)

*N* number of stages

(mg g<sup>1</sup> )

*t* time (s)

**38**

*Q* volumetric flowrate (m3 s

stage i (mg g<sup>1</sup>

*R* radius of column (m)

*Vi* volume of stage i (L) α backmixing coefficient () φ column hold-up ()

*Rp* radius of adsorbent particle (m) *<sup>R</sup><sup>2</sup>* determination coefficient () *rc,i* unreacted core radius at stage i (m)

ρ density of adsorbent particle (g m<sup>3</sup>

τ mean residence time of fluid in the column (s)

*a* affinity parameter of the Langmuir isotherm (L mg<sup>1</sup>

*C0* feed concentration of manganese in the column (mg L<sup>1</sup>

*ke* mass transfer coefficient in the bulk external phase (m s<sup>1</sup>

1 )

*r* radial distance from the center of the particle, *0 < r < Rp*(m)

*kr* reaction rate constant for heterogeneous systems (m s<sup>1</sup>

by the addition of sodium.

total iron ion.

*Carbon Capture*

**Abbreviations**

**Greek symbols**

Yıldırım İsmail Tosun Mining Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Şırnak University, Şırnak, Turkey

\*Address all correspondence to: yildirimismailtosun@gmail.com

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