Conflict of interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Technical-Economic Research for Passive Buildings DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.85992

however the price of the supporting structure and roof coat can be several times higher than in other options. Therefore, the total price of such a roof increases significantly. Insulation of the entire pitched roof requires much more insulation materials, and the height of the main rafters must be increased. Therefore, the total labour costs of such a roof increase significantly. The best economic effect is achieved by leaving the pitched roof uninsulated and installing the thermal insulation layer on the ceiling. The article analyses two different insulation options: using only insulation sheets and combining insulation sheets with bulky insulation material. Although the price of bulky insulation materials is lower, special blowing equipment is required. The combined insulation layer is also thicker. Attic insulation by means of rock wool sheets only is by 2% more economic than insulation with bulky foam and 25% cheaper than installing thermal insulation between rafters. A flat roof with concrete slab ceiling is several times more expensive than other

According to the passive house standard, an energy-efficient house is a building where energy is saved by architectural, structural and technological solutions. To meet the passive house standard requirements, the house must be tight, use renewable energy and employ various energy-saving methods and the planning done with

The technical-economic comparison of the main structures of a passive house revealed that it is cheaper to install an adequately designed concrete slab foundation

Timber stud walls are the cheapest wall option for a passive house and 45–51% cheaper than other options. The comparison of roofs and ceilings showed that insulation of the ceiling is 25% more efficient than insulation of the roof.

The comparison of the main envelope element efficiency by multiple-criteria evaluation methods showed that it is economically feasible to install concrete slab on ground foundation, stud walls with sheet cladding and a pitched roof with

than to build strip or pile foundation and the floor separately.

The author declares no conflict of interest.

options; therefore it is not recommended.

5. Conclusions

Zero and Net Zero Energy

respect to orientation.

insulated ceiling.

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Conflict of interest
