**5. Conclusion**

**Figure 15.** *Displacement sensor.*

*New Challenges in Residual Stress Measurements and Evaluation*

**Figure 16.**

*case 2.*

**102**

*Simulation and experimental results of substrate deflection. (a) Deflection in case 1 and (b) deflection in*

To investigate the features of thermal and mechanical behavior of deposited materials involved in the DMD process, a sequentially coupled, thermomechanical finite element model was developed for multilayer DMD process of Stainless Steel 304. The results revealed the characteristics of temperature distribution, residual stress, and deformation within the formed deposits and substrates. A set of experiments were conducted to validate the mechanical effects using a laser displacement sensor. This FEA model can be used to predict the mechanical behavior of products fabricated by the DMD process or similar processes with localized heat sources such as laser sintering, laser cladding, and welding.
