ZnO Nanostructures

*Zinc Oxide Based Nano Materials and Devices*

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**12**

**15**

**Chapter 2**

Method

**Abstract**

**1. Introduction**

basic properties listed in **Table 1** [12].

*Trilok K. Pathak and H.C. Swart*

Structural and Luminescence

Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles

Approach in Solution Combustion

Zinc oxide has been used for many applications, for example optoelectronic devices, ceramics, catalysts, pigments, varistors and many other important applications. In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by mixture of fuel approach in solution combustion method. Mixtures of urea, glycine and citric acid were mixed at room temperature with Zinc nitrates as fuels resulting in spontaneous ignition resulting in production of ZnO nanopowder. The crystal structure and size of the synthesized powder were determined by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), which revealed that the synthesized ZnO nanopowder has the pure wurtzite structure having crystallite size 26–40 nm. Optical studies of nanomaterial were examined by FTIR and UV-Visible absorption spectrum. The luminescence studies also investigated in the visible region 360–800 nm with excitation 325 nm laser.

Nanoscale ZnO powder has attracted great attention due to its excellent physical and chemical properties they are widely used in nanoscale devices such as nanogenerators [1], ultraviolet photodetectors [2], gas sensors [3], solar cells [4], field emission displays [5], electrical and optical devices [6, 7], photocatalysis [8, 9], medical [10] and environmental applications [11]. These nanomaterials have novel electronic, structural and thermal properties which have potential interest in basic and applied research. ZnO is a wide bandgap (Eg = 3.37 eV) semiconductor some

Semiconductor nanocrystals or nanoparticles may have superior optical and antibacterial properties than bulk crystals due to quantum confinement effects and the large surface to volume ratio. The synthesis and properties of ZnO nanostructure such as nanowires [13], nanotubes [14], nanorods [15] and nanoparticles [16] have been reported. The nanoparticles have great significance

These nanomaterials may be used in solid-state lightening devices.

**Keywords:** ZnO NPs, X-ray diffraction, bandgap, luminescence

Synthesized by Mixture of Fuel
